JabRef References output

Author	Title	Year	Journal/Proceedings	Reftype	DOI/URL
Abadie, J. & others	All-sky search for gravitational-wave bursts in the first joint LIGO-GEO-Virgo run [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	Phys. Rev. D Vol. 81(10), pp. 102001	article	DOI
Abstract: We present results from an all-sky search for unmodeled gravitational-wave bursts in the data collected by the LIGO, GEO 600 and Virgo detectors between November 2006 and October 2007. The search is performed by three different analysis algorithms over the frequency band 50–6000 Hz. Data are analyzed for times with at least two of the four LIGO-Virgo detectors in coincident operation, with a total live time of 266 days. No events produced by the search algorithms survive the selection cuts. We set a frequentist upper limit on the rate of gravitational-wave bursts impinging on our network of detectors. When combined with the previous LIGO search of the data collected between November 2005 and November 2006, the upper limit on the rate of detectable gravitational-wave bursts in the 64–2048 Hz band is 2.0 events per year at 90% confidence. We also present event rate versus strength exclusion plots for several types of plausible burst waveforms. The sensitivity of the combined search is expressed in terms of the root-sum-squared strain amplitude for a variety of simulated waveforms and lies in the range $6times 10^-22 ?Hz^-1/2$ to $2times 10^-20?Hz^-1/2$. This is the first untriggered burst search to use data from the LIGO and Virgo detectors together, and the most sensitive untriggered burst search performed so far.
BibTeX: @article{PhysRevD.81.102001, author = {Abadie, J. and others}, title = {All-sky search for gravitational-wave bursts in the first joint LIGO-GEO-Virgo run}, journal = {Phys. Rev. D}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, year = {2010}, volume = {81}, number = {10}, pages = {102001}, note = {(The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.81.102001} }
Abbott, B. & others	Astrophysically triggered searches for gravitational waves: status and prospects [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 25(11), pp. 114051	article	URL
Abstract: In gravitational-wave detection, special emphasis is put onto searches that focus on cosmic events detected by other types of astrophysical observatories. The astrophysical triggers, e.g. from Î³-ray and x-ray satellites, optical telescopes and neutrino observatories, provide a trigger time for analyzing gravitational-wave data coincident with the event. In certain cases the expected frequency range, source energetics, directional and progenitor information are also available. Beyond allowing the recognition of gravitational waveforms with amplitudes closer to the noise floor of the detector, these triggered searches should also lead to rich science results even before the onset of Advanced LIGO. In this paper we provide a broad review of LIGO's astrophysically triggered searches and the sources they target.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-25-11-114051, author = {B Abbott and others}, title = {Astrophysically triggered searches for gravitational waves: status and prospects}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2008}, volume = {25}, number = {11}, pages = {114051}, note = {(The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/25/i=11/a=114051} }
Abbott, B.P. & others	Searches for Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars with Science Run 5 LIGO Data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	The Astrophysical Journal Vol. 713(1), pp. 671	article	URL
Abstract: We present a search for gravitational waves from 116 known millisecond and young pulsars using data from the fifth science run of the LIGO detectors. For this search, ephemerides overlapping the run period were obtained for all pulsars using radio and X-ray observations. We demonstrate an updated search method that allows for small uncertainties in the pulsar phase parameters to be included in the search. We report no signal detection from any of the targets and therefore interpret our results as upper limits on the gravitational wave signal strength. The most interesting limits are those for young pulsars. We present updated limits on gravitational radiation from the Crab pulsar, where the measured limit is now a factor of 7 below the spin-down limit. This limits the power radiated via gravitational waves to be less than $simeq 2 of the available spin-down power. For the X-ray pulsar J0537 – 6910 we reach the spin-down limit under the assumption that any gravitational wave signal from it stays phase locked to the X-ray pulses over timing glitches, and for pulsars J1913+1011 and J1952+3252 we are only a factor of a few above the spin-down limit. Of the recycled millisecond pulsars, several of the measured upper limits are only about an order of magnitude above their spin-down limits. For these our best (lowest) upper limit on gravitational wave amplitude is $2.3 times 10^–26$ for J1603 – 7202 and our best (lowest) limit on the inferred pulsar ellipticity is $7.0 times 10^–8$ for J2124 – 3358.
BibTeX: @article{0004-637X-713-1-671, author = {B. P. Abbott and others}, title = {Searches for Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars with Science Run 5 LIGO Data}, journal = {The Astrophysical Journal}, year = {2010}, volume = {713}, number = {1}, pages = {671}, note = {(The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0004-637X/713/i=1/a=671} }
Abbott, B.P. & others	Search For Gravitational-wave Bursts Associated with Gamma-ray Bursts using Data from LIGO Science Run 5 and Virgo Science Run 1 [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	The Astrophysical Journal Vol. 715(2), pp. 1438	article	URL
Abstract: We present the results of a search for gravitational-wave bursts (GWBs) associated with 137 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that were detected by satellite-based gamma-ray experiments during the fifth LIGO science run and first Virgo science run. The data used in this analysis were collected from 2005 November 4 to 2007 October 1, and most of the GRB triggers were from the Swift satellite. The search uses a coherent network analysis method that takes into account the different locations and orientations of the interferometers at the three LIGO-Virgo sites. We find no evidence for GWB signals associated with this sample of GRBs. Using simulated short-duration (<1 s) waveforms, we set upper limits on the amplitude of gravitational waves associated with each GRB. We also place lower bounds on the distance to each GRB under the assumption of a fixed energy emission in gravitational waves, with a median limit of D ~ 12 Mpc( E iso GW /0.01 M ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/icons/Entities/sun.gif] sun c 2 ) 1/2 for emission at frequencies around 150 Hz, where the LIGO-Virgo detector network has best sensitivity. We present astrophysical interpretations and implications of these results, and prospects for corresponding searches during future LIGO-Virgo runs.
BibTeX: @article{0004-637X-715-2-1438, author = {B. P. Abbott and others}, title = {Search For Gravitational-wave Bursts Associated with Gamma-ray Bursts using Data from LIGO Science Run 5 and Virgo Science Run 1}, journal = {The Astrophysical Journal}, year = {2010}, volume = {715}, number = {2}, pages = {1438}, note = {(The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0004-637X/715/i=2/a=1438} }
Abbott, B.P. & others	An upper limit on the stochastic gravitational--wave background of cosmological origin [BibTeX]	2009	Nature Vol. 460, pp. 990-994	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{Nature2009, author = {B. P. Abbott and others}, title = {An upper limit on the stochastic gravitational--wave background of cosmological origin}, journal = {Nature}, year = {2009}, volume = {460}, pages = {990-994}, note = {The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=185}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08278} }
Accadia, T. & others	Calibration and sensitivity of the Virgo detector during its second science run [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2011	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 28(2), pp. 025005	article	URL
Abstract: The Virgo detector is a kilometer-length interferometer for gravitational wave detection located near Pisa (Italy). During its second science run (VSR2) in 2009, 6 months of data were accumulated with a sensitivity close to its design. In this paper, the methods used to determine the parameters for sensitivity estimation and gravitational wave reconstruction are described. The main quantities to be calibrated are the frequency response of the mirror actuation and the sensing of the output power. Focus is also put on their absolute timing. The monitoring of the calibration data and the parameter estimation with independent techniques are discussed to provide an estimation of the calibration uncertainties. Finally, the estimation of the Virgo sensitivity in the frequency domain is described and typical sensitivities measured during VSR2 are shown.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-28-2-025005, author = {T Accadia and others}, title = {Calibration and sensitivity of the Virgo detector during its second science run}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2011}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {025005}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/28/i=2/a=025005} }
Accadia, T. & others	Automatic Alignment system during the second science run of the Virgo interferometer [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2011	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 34(6), pp. 327 - 332	article	DOI URL
Abstract: In this paper the performances of the Automatic Alignment sensing and control system in the Virgo gravitational wave detector, during the second scientific run from July 7th 2009 to January 8th 2010, are described. The accuracy of the angular control loops fulfills the original Virgo requirements, reaching the accuracy of a few nano-radians for the most critical angular degrees of freedom, and the control noise is below the Virgo design sensitivity in the whole detection band.
BibTeX: @article{Accadia2011327, author = {T. Accadia and others}, title = {Automatic Alignment system during the second science run of the Virgo interferometer}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2011}, volume = {34}, number = {6}, pages = {327 - 332}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-519DF3R-1/2/cecf1f180396ae6d419837fe0d93062a}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2010.10.005} }
Accadia, T. & others	Performance of the Virgo interferometer longitudinal control system during the second science run [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2011	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 34(7), pp. 521 - 527	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The second science run of the Virgo gravitational wave interferometer took place between July 2009 and January 2010. This paper describes the performance of the interferometer longitudinal control system in terms of duty cycle, stability and control noise. A science data taking duty cycle of about 80% was obtained over the six month run. Control noise was not limiting the detector sensitivity at any frequency. A discussion of observed thermal effects in the detector operation is also included.
BibTeX: @article{Accadia2011521, author = {T. Accadia and others}, title = {Performance of the Virgo interferometer longitudinal control system during the second science run}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2011}, volume = {34}, number = {7}, pages = {521 - 527}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-51MDSBX-1/2/9eec1455f983556418da13e8574d06ec}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2010.11.006} }
Accadia, T. & others	Tools for noise characterization in Virgo [BibTeX]	2010	J. Phys. Conf. Ser. Vol. 243, pp. 012004	article	DOI
BibTeX: @article{Accadia:2010zz, author = {Accadia, T. and others}, title = {Tools for noise characterization in Virgo}, journal = {J. Phys. Conf. Ser.}, year = {2010}, volume = {243}, pages = {012004}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/243/1/012004} }
Acernese, F. & others	Methods of gravitational wave detection in the VIRGO Interferometer [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	AIP Conference Proceedings Vol. 924(1), pp. 187-193	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The gravitational wave detector VIRGO is in the final commissioning phase and some preliminary data has already been acquired. The aim of VIRGO is to directly detect gravitational waves emitted by compact objects at the time of coalescence and by other astrophysical sources. Here we report on the present sensitivity for detecting these sources and what we will achieve in the near future. We also discuss some details of our data analysis methods and we show some preliminary results related to the fraction of the Universe that we can observe.
BibTeX: @article{acernese:187, author = {F. Acernese and others}, title = {Methods of gravitational wave detection in the VIRGO Interferometer}, journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings}, publisher = {AIP}, year = {2007}, volume = {924}, number = {1}, pages = {187-193}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=117}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2774858} }
Acernese, F. & others	Automatic Alignment for the first science run of the Virgo interferometer [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 33(3), pp. 131 - 139	article	DOI URL
Abstract: During the past few years a network of large-scale laser interferometers, including the Virgo detector, has been developed with the aim of detecting gravitational waves. To properly operate the detectors, the longitudinal and angular positions of the suspended detector test masses, the interferometer mirrors, must be kept within a small range from the operating point. The design of the Virgo angular control system, called Automatic Alignment is based on a modified version of the Anderson-Giordano technique, a wave-front sensing scheme which uses the modulation-demodulation technique. This paper will present the theoretical background of the Virgo Automatic Alignment system, the implementation issues and the performances observed during the first Virgo science run (VSR1). A total RMS of 4 × 10-2 to 3 × 10-3 [mu]rad for all angular degrees of freedom has been achieved.
BibTeX: @article{Acernese2010131, author = {F. Acernese and others}, title = {Automatic Alignment for the first science run of the Virgo interferometer}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2010}, volume = {33}, number = {3}, pages = {131 - 139}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-4Y9CF73-2/2/9e1297088ffa1da286cd95f7877973c5}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2010.01.010} }
Acernese, F. & others	Measurements of Superattenuator seismic isolation by Virgo interferometer [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 33(3), pp. 182 - 189	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Each mirror of the interferometric gravitational wave antenna Virgo is attached to a Superattenuator, a chain of mechanical filters designed to suppress seismic vibrations, starting from a few Hz. The filter chain attenuation has been measured by exciting its suspension point with sinuisodal forces and using the interferometer as sensor. The attenuation, measured at different frequencies, is compliant with the requirements of the next generation antenna Advanced Virgo. In the third generation detector Einstein Telescope, the attenuation is sufficient above 3 Hz, independently of the underground site choice.
BibTeX: @article{Acernese2010182, author = {F. Acernese and others}, title = {Measurements of Superattenuator seismic isolation by Virgo interferometer}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2010}, volume = {33}, number = {3}, pages = {182 - 189}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-4Y8G5TJ-1/2/36f5cd85cb5f9260c680fe904db69f4e}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2010.01.006} }
Acernese, F. & others	Performances of the Virgo interferometer longitudinal control system [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 33(2), pp. 75 - 80	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The performances of the longitudinal sensing and control system of the Virgo gravitational wave detector are described. This system is able to stably maintain the RMS residual fluctuation of the interferometer longitudinal degrees of freedom around or below , compatible with the original Virgo requirements. Moreover the detector sensitivity is not limited by longitudinal control noise at any frequency. Indeed the noise re-introduced by the longitudinal control system does not affect the Virgo design sensitivity.
BibTeX: @article{Acernese201075, author = {F. Acernese and others}, title = {Performances of the Virgo interferometer longitudinal control system}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2010}, volume = {33}, number = {2}, pages = {75 - 80}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-4XRYT4C-1/2/11adc531301521c296e72686864e22bc}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.11.006} }
Acernese, F. & others	Cleaning the Virgo sampled data for the search of periodic sources of gravitational waves [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2009	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 26(20), pp. 204002	article	URL
Abstract: The cleaning procedure used to produce the data that we analyze for the search of periodic sources of gravitational waves is based on different steps, which are applied to both time and frequency domain data. We have recently improved the procedure, which now consists of different steps. The use of a cleaned procedure is in principle important, since it is aimed to recover at best the observation time from the data by vetoing only times where disturbances act and not entire data chunks. Clearly, the effect of the procedure depends on the nature of the data, and is thus highly related to the detector characteristics in a particular run. We will here describe the whole cleaning chain, by giving details and examples based on the C7 and WSR10 Virgo runs.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-26-20-204002, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Cleaning the Virgo sampled data for the search of periodic sources of gravitational waves}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2009}, volume = {26}, number = {20}, pages = {204002}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/26/i=20/a=204002} }
Acernese, F. & others	Status of Virgo [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 25(11), pp. 114045	article	URL
Abstract: The Virgo detector has now finished its first science run; a science mode duty cycle of more than 80% and a 4.5 Mpc horizon distance for binary neutron star inspiral sources were achieved. Commissioning breaks were organized during the run which permitted improvement of the sensitivity and the robustness of the interferometer against environmental perturbations like bad weather and earthquakes. The post-run commissioning phase has now started, with the goal of preparing the next upgrade step of the detector, Virgo+.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-25-11-114045, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Status of Virgo}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2008}, volume = {25}, number = {11}, pages = {114045}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/25/i=11/a=114045} }
Acernese, F. & others	Virgo status [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 25(18), pp. 184001	article	URL
Abstract: The Virgo collaboration has just concluded its first long science run (VSR1). In these four months the detector achieved a good duty cycle, larger than 80%, and an average horizon distance for binary neutron star system sources of about 4 Mpc. An intense commissioning activity was resumed after the run was complete to further increase the performances of the detector and to prepare the Virgo+ upgrades. The detector performances during the first science run and the last commissioning achievements are briefly discussed here.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-25-18-184001, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Virgo status}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2008}, volume = {25}, number = {18}, pages = {184001}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/25/i=18/a=184001} }
Acernese, F. & others	Noise studies during the first Virgo science run and after [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 25(18), pp. 184003	article	URL
Abstract: The first Virgo long science run (VSR1) lasted 136 days, from 18th May 2007. During the run several noise sources were identified and reduced; this significantly improved the detector sensitivity between the start and the end of the run. We describe three noise studies, showing how data monitoring programs and simple analysis tools permitted the first detection of the noise and provided useful information regarding its origin.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-25-18-184003, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Noise studies during the first Virgo science run and after}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2008}, volume = {25}, number = {18}, pages = {184003}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/25/i=18/a=184003} }
Acernese, F. & others	First joint gravitational wave search by the AURIGA-EXPLORER-NAUTILUS-Virgo Collaboration [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 25(20), pp. 205007	article	URL
Abstract: We present a methodology of network data analysis applied to the search for coincident burst excitations over a 24 h long data set collected by AURIGA, EXPLORER, NAUTILUS and Virgo detectors during September 2005. The search of candidate triggers was performed independently on each of the data sets from single detectors. We looked for two-fold time coincidences between these candidates using an algorithm optimized for a given population of sources and we calculated the efficiency of detection through injections of templated signal waveforms into the streams of data. To this end we have considered the case of signals shaped as damped sinusoids coming from the galactic center direction. Our method targets an optimal balance between high efficiency and low false alarm rate, aiming at setting confidence intervals as stringent as possible in terms of the rate of the selected source models.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-25-20-205007, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {First joint gravitational wave search by the AURIGA-EXPLORER-NAUTILUS-Virgo Collaboration}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2008}, volume = {25}, number = {20}, pages = {205007}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/25/i=20/a=205007} }
Acernese, F. & others	Search for gravitational waves associated with GRB 050915a using the Virgo detector [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 25(22), pp. 225001	article	URL
Abstract: In the framework of the expected association between gamma-ray bursts and gravitational waves, we present results of an analysis aimed to search for a burst of gravitational waves in coincidence with gamma-ray burst 050915a. This was a long duration gamma-ray burst detected by Swift during September 2005, when the Virgo gravitational wave detector was engaged in a commissioning run during which the best sensitivity attained in 2005 was exhibited. This offered the opportunity for Virgo's first search for a gravitational wave signal in coincidence with a gamma-ray burst. The result of our study is a set of strain amplitude upper limits, based on the loudest event approach, for different but quite general types of burst signal waveforms. The best upper limit strain amplitudes we obtain are ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/0264-9381/25/22/225001/cqg276001ieqn1.gif] h_rss=l O(10^-20) Hz âˆ’1/2 around ~200â€“1500 Hz. These upper limits allow us to evaluate the level up to which Virgo, when reaching nominal sensitivity, will be able to constrain the gravitational wave output associated with a long burst. Moreover, the analysis presented here plays the role of a prototype, crucial in defining a methodology for gamma-ray burst triggered searches with Virgo and opening the way for future joint analyses with LIGO.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-25-22-225001, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Search for gravitational waves associated with GRB 050915a using the Virgo detector}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2008}, volume = {25}, number = {22}, pages = {225001}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/25/i=22/a=225001} }
Acernese, F. & others	VIRGO: a large interferometer for gravitational wave detection started its first scientific run [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 120(3), pp. 032007	article	URL
Abstract: The VIRGO interferometer is the largest ground based European gravitational wave detector operating at the EGO Laboratory in the Pisa, Italy; countryside. During the last commissioning period relevant progress have been done in approaching its design sensitivity all over the detection bandwidth. Thanks to the effort of the whole Collaboration a long scientific run has been done collecting data for more than 4 months in conjunction with the LIGO detectors. The results obtained from the detector point of view are: a very good stability and a duty-cycle as high as 81% in science mode. In this paper we present the status of the VIRGO interferometer giving an overview of the experimental apparatus together with its most relevant features.
BibTeX: @article{1742-6596-120-3-032007, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {VIRGO: a large interferometer for gravitational wave detection started its first scientific run}, journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, year = {2008}, volume = {120}, number = {3}, pages = {032007}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/120/i=3/a=032007} }
Acernese, F. & others	Lock acquisition of the Virgo gravitational wave detector [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 30(1), pp. 29 - 38	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The Virgo interferometer for gravitational wave detection has concluded four months of scientific data acquisition in its final optical configuration (a power-recycled interferometer with Fabry-Perot cavities in the arms). The lock acquisition technique developed to bring and keep the Virgo detector on its working point largely proved to be very efficient and robust. In this paper we describe the variable finesse lock acquisition technique and we discuss the performance of the whole locking system.
BibTeX: @article{Acernese200829, author = {F. Acernese and others}, title = {Lock acquisition of the Virgo gravitational wave detector}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2008}, volume = {30}, number = {1}, pages = {29 - 38}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-4SVV8FM-1/2/2c2cb3f462e4d6b58801d57b52991e4d}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2008.06.005} }
Acernese, F. & others	In-vacuum optical isolation changes by heating in a Faraday isolator [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Applied Optics Vol. 47(31), pp. 5853-5861	article	URL
Abstract: We describe a model evaluating changes in the optical isolation of a Faraday isolator when passing from air to vacuum in terms of different thermal effects in the crystal. The changes are particularly significant in the crystal thermal lensing (refraction index and thermal expansion) and in its Verdet constant and can be ascribed to the less efficient convection cooling of the magneto-optic crystal of the Faraday isolator. An isolation decrease by a factor of 10 is experimentally observed in a Faraday isolator that is used in a gravitational wave experiment (Virgo) with a 10W input laser when going from air to vacuum. A finite element model simulation reproduces with a great accuracy the experimental data measured on Virgo and on a test bench. A first set of measurements of the thermal lensing has been used to characterize the losses of the crystal, which depend on the sample. The isolation factor measured on Virgo confirms the simulation model and the absorption losses of $0.0016 pm 0.0002/cm$ for the TGG magneto-optic crystal used in the Faraday isolator
BibTeX: @article{ApplOptFaraday, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {In-vacuum optical isolation changes by heating in a Faraday isolator}, journal = {Applied Optics}, publisher = {OSA}, year = {2008}, volume = {47}, number = {31}, pages = {5853--5861}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=151} }
Acernese, F. & others	Status of Virgo detector [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 24(19), pp. S381	article	URL
Abstract: The commissioning of the Virgo gravitational wave detector has restarted after several major hardware upgrades carried out during winter 2005. Now Virgo is fully operative and its sensitivity greatly improved and continually improving. A program of short scientific data taking has already started and Virgo is moving towards a period of continuous data taking, which should start at the end of May 2007. The actual status of the Virgo detector is reported, describing the actual detector sensitivity as well as the limiting noises and the mid-term plans.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-24-19-S01, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Status of Virgo detector}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2007}, volume = {24}, number = {19}, pages = {S381}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/24/i=19/a=S01} }
Acernese, F. & others	Data quality studies for burst analysis of Virgo data acquired during Weekly Science Runs [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 24(19), pp. S415	article	URL
Abstract: Virgo started collecting science data during weekends in order to not interfere with commissioning activities. The goal of Weekly Science Runs is to ease the transition between commissioning periods and data taking periods, in addition to providing data sets exploiting the stationary behavior of the detector. The detection of gravitational wave (GW) bursts emitted by core collapse of supernovae is one of the most difficult tasks for the GW community due to the fact that there are uncertainties in the exact shape of the waveforms, as we do not have complete models. A major task for this kind of detection effort is the cleaning of the event triggers found by the detection pipelines, namely the removal of accidental transient signals due to noise source events. In order to clean our data from false GW events, we need to define a strategy for data quality cut and veto of auxiliary and environmental monitoring channels. In this paper we report on the analysis we performed on data acquired during Weekly Science Runs to explore and define the data quality cut and veto studies for burst analysis.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-24-19-S05, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Data quality studies for burst analysis of Virgo data acquired during Weekly Science Runs}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2007}, volume = {24}, number = {19}, pages = {S415}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/24/i=19/a=S05} }
Acernese, F. & others	Analysis of noise lines in the Virgo C7 data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 24(19), pp. S433	article	URL
Abstract: The paper presents a description of the work of detection and identification of frequency lines in the Virgo dark fringe data from run C7. A number of methods are highlighted by which noise frequency lines are detected by data analysis and measurements in the laboratory. In this paper we give a description of the list of noise line candidates provided by the pulsar search analysis, the investigation of 10 Hz (and harmonics) noise, violin modes, noise from the end station buildings' air conditioners, sidebands in calibration lines and aliasing in the 4 kHz reconstructed data.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-24-19-S07, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Analysis of noise lines in the Virgo C7 data}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2007}, volume = {24}, number = {19}, pages = {S433}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/24/i=19/a=S07} }
Acernese, F. & others	Coincidence analysis between periodic source candidates in C6 and C7 Virgo data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 24(19), pp. S491	article	URL
Abstract: In this paper, we describe the analysis performed in the data of C6 and C7 commissioning runs of Virgo for the search of periodic sources of gravitational waves. The analysis is all-sky, covers the frequency range between 50 Hz and 1050 Hz and neutron star spin-down rate below 1.58 Ã— 10 âˆ’8 Hz s âˆ’1 . Coincidences in the source parameter space between candidates found in the two data sets are required to reduce the false alarm probability. The procedure used to estimate the detection efficiency of the analysis pipeline, through the injection of simulated signals in the data, is also described.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-24-19-S12, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Coincidence analysis between periodic source candidates in C6 and C7 Virgo data}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2007}, volume = {24}, number = {19}, pages = {S491}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/24/i=19/a=S12} }
Acernese, F. & others	Improving the timing precision for inspiral signals found by interferometric gravitational wave detectors [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 24(19), pp. S617	article	URL
Abstract: As they take data and improve their sensitivities, interferometric gravitational wave detectors will eventually detect signals emitted by inspiralling compact binary systems. Determining the sky position of the source will require that the signal be recorded in several detectors. The precision of the source direction determination will be driven by that of the time-of-flight measurements between detectors, and ultimately by the timing precision at the level of each detector. The latter is limited by the noise of the detector and the use of template banks, which introduce some mismatches between the parameters of the signal and the parameters of the template used to detect it. The standard way for signal timing is based on referring to the end time of the signal. In this paper we show that this is not an optimal choice and the timing precision can be improved referring to a time when the signal crosses some reference frequency, whose optimal value depends on the detector sensitivity.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-24-19-S24, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Improving the timing precision for inspiral signals found by interferometric gravitational wave detectors}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2007}, volume = {24}, number = {19}, pages = {S617}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/24/i=19/a=S24} }
Acernese, F. & others	Gravitational waves by gamma-ray bursts and the Virgo detector: the case of GRB 050915a [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 24(19), pp. S671	article	URL
Abstract: In the framework of the expected association between gamma-ray bursts and gravitational wave signals, we present the preliminary results of an analysis aimed to search for bursts of gravitational waves associated with the long GRB 050915a. GRB 050915a was detected by the Swift satellite in 2005, when the Virgo detector was engaged in one of its science runs, namely the C7 run, during which the best sensitivity attained in 2005 was exhibited. This offered the opportunity for the first coincident analysis between a gamma-ray burst and the Virgo gravitational wave detector. Here we give an overview of this ongoing analysis, which at the end will play the role of a prototype, crucial in defining a methodology for gamma-ray burst triggered searches with Virgo. The final results of our analysis will also allow us to evaluate up to which level Virgo will be able to constrain the amplitude of the gravitational wave signal from a typical long gamma-ray burst.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-24-19-S29, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Gravitational waves by gamma-ray bursts and the Virgo detector: the case of GRB 050915a}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2007}, volume = {24}, number = {19}, pages = {S671}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/24/i=19/a=S29} }
Acernese, F. & others	Status of coalescing binaries search activities in Virgo [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 24(23), pp. 5767	article	URL
Abstract: The interferometric gravitational wave detector Virgo is undergoing an advanced phase of its commissioning, during which short runs are routinely performed, in which data are analyzed online and offline, searching for signals from coalescing binary systems. In this report we present the progress of the coalescing binaries search activities in Virgo, and we describe details of the detection pipeline including hardware injections, vetoes, and parameter estimation, using recent data taking.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-24-23-003, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Status of coalescing binaries search activities in Virgo}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2007}, volume = {24}, number = {23}, pages = {5767}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/24/i=23/a=003} }
Acernese, F. & others	Measurement of the optical parameters of the Virgo interferometer [BibTeX]	2007	Appl. Opt. Vol. 46(17), pp. 3466-3484	article	URL
BibTeX: @article{Acernese2007, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {Measurement of the optical parameters of the Virgo interferometer}, journal = {Appl. Opt.}, publisher = {OSA}, year = {2007}, volume = {46}, number = {17}, pages = {3466--3484}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=110} }
Acernese, F. & others	The Virgo interferometric gravitational antenna [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	Optics and Lasers in Engineering Vol. 45(4), pp. 478 - 487	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The interferometric gravitational wave detectors represent the ultimate evolution of the classical Michelson interferometer. In order to measure the signal produced by the passage of a gravitational wave, they aim to reach unprecedent sensitivities in measuring the relative displacements of the mirrors. One of them, the 3-km-long Virgo gravitational wave antenna, which will be particularly sensitive in the low-frequency range (10-100 Hz), is presently in its commissioning phase. In this paper the various techniques developed in order to reach its target extreme performance are outlined.
BibTeX: @article{Acernese2007478, author = {F. Acernese and others}, title = {The Virgo interferometric gravitational antenna}, journal = {Optics and Lasers in Engineering}, year = {2007}, volume = {45}, number = {4}, pages = {478 - 487}, note = {Optical Diagnostics and Monitoring: Advanced monitoring techniques and coherent sources - volume C}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V4G-4KV2RV0-1/2/9c0804c1776b4da13e519410c35979b5}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2006.04.010} }
Acernese, F. & others	All sky GW burst search in the Virgo C7 run data [BibTeX]	2007	42nd Rencontres De Moriond: Gravitational Waves And Experimental Gravity 11-18 Mar 2007, La Thuile, Valle d'Aosta, Italy	conference	URL
BibTeX: @conference{MoriondBizouard2007, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {All sky GW burst search in the Virgo C7 run data}, booktitle = {42nd Rencontres De Moriond: Gravitational Waves And Experimental Gravity 11-18 Mar 2007, La Thuile, Valle d'Aosta, Italy}, year = {2007}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=139} }
Acernese, F. & others	GRB050915a and the Virgo detector [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	42nd Rencontres De Moriond: Gravitational Waves And Experimental Gravity 11-18 Mar 2007, La Thuile, Valle d'Aosta, Italy	conference	URL
Abstract: GravitationalWaves (GWs) are expected to be emitted in association with Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). In this context, we are analyzing data collected by the Virgo interferometer during 2005 to develop a method aimed to search for coincidences between GW bursts and GRBs. Our analysis is currently focused on Virgo C7 run and the long GRB 050915a, observed by the Swift satellite. The goal of such analysis is either to identify significant events around the GRB trigger time or, in the absence of such events, to set a limit on the strength of the associated GW emission. This study is a prototype for evaluating Virgo capability in constraining the GW output associated with a typical long GRB. Here we give an overview of the procedure we are following in our analysis.
BibTeX: @conference{MoriondCorsi2007, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {GRB050915a and the Virgo detector}, booktitle = {42nd Rencontres De Moriond: Gravitational Waves And Experimental Gravity 11-18 Mar 2007, La Thuile, Valle d'Aosta, Italy}, year = {2007}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=135} }
Acernese, F. & others	Status of Virgo [BibTeX]	2007	42nd Rencontres De Moriond: Gravitational Waves And Experimental Gravity 11-18 Mar 2007, La Thuile, Valle d'Aosta, Italy	conference	URL
BibTeX: @conference{MoriondEvans2007, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {Status of Virgo}, booktitle = {42nd Rencontres De Moriond: Gravitational Waves And Experimental Gravity 11-18 Mar 2007, La Thuile, Valle d'Aosta, Italy}, year = {2007}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=145} }
Acernese, F. & others	The Automatic Alignment System of the Virgo Interferometer [BibTeX]	2007	42nd Rencontres De Moriond: Gravitational Waves And Experimental Gravity 11-18 Mar 2007, La Thuile, Valle d'Aosta, Italy	conference	URL
BibTeX: @conference{MoriondMantovani2007, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {The Automatic Alignment System of the Virgo Interferometer}, booktitle = {42nd Rencontres De Moriond: Gravitational Waves And Experimental Gravity 11-18 Mar 2007, La Thuile, Valle d'Aosta, Italy}, year = {2007}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=137} }
Acernese, F. & others	Noise budget and noise hunting in Virgo [BibTeX]	2007	42nd Rencontres De Moriond: Gravitational Waves And Experimental Gravity 11-18 Mar 2007, La Thuile, Valle d'Aosta, Italy	conference	URL
BibTeX: @conference{MoriondTournefier2007, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {Noise budget and noise hunting in Virgo}, booktitle = {42nd Rencontres De Moriond: Gravitational Waves And Experimental Gravity 11-18 Mar 2007, La Thuile, Valle d'Aosta, Italy}, year = {2007}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=144} }
Acernese, F. & others	The Virgo status [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 23(19), pp. S635	article	URL
Abstract: We report on the status of the Virgo detector, under commissioning. We will focus on the last year's activity. The two commissioning runs performed during 2005 allowed us to reach a sensitivity of h ~ 6 Ã— 10 âˆ’22 . The data obtained during the runs were used to test a few data analysis algorithms, namely coalescing binaries and burst searches. The main improvements made on the detector during this year will be described, as well as the plans and activities foreseen in the coming years.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-23-19-S01, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {The Virgo status}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2006}, volume = {23}, number = {19}, pages = {S635}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/23/i=19/a=S01} }
Acernese, F. & others	Normal/independent noise in VIRGO data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 23(19), pp. S829	article	URL
Abstract: The analysis of data taken during the C7 VIRGO commissioning run showed strong deviations from Gaussian noise. In this work, we explore a family of distributions, derived from the hypothesis that heavy tails are an effect of a particular kind of nonstationarity, heterocedasticity (i.e. nonuniform variance), that appear to fit VIRGO noise better than a model based on the assumption of Gaussian noise. To estimate the parameters of the noise process (including the heterogeneous variance) we derived an expectation-maximization algorithm. We show the consequences of non-Gaussianity on the fitting of autoregressive filters and on the derivation of test statistics for matched filter operation. Finally, we apply the new noise model to the fitting of an autoregressive filter for whitening of data.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-23-19-S21, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Normal/independent noise in VIRGO data}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2006}, volume = {23}, number = {19}, pages = {S829}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/23/i=19/a=S21} }
Acernese, F. & others	The status of VIRGO [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 23(8), pp. S63	article	URL
Abstract: VIRGO interferometer commissioning started in September 2003. The complete lock of the interferometer was achieved in October 2004 via several steps. The main commissioning activity deals with improvements in the interferometer stability and sensitivity. The status of the advancement of VIRGO and the short-term plans are discussed here.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-23-8-S09, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {The status of VIRGO}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2006}, volume = {23}, number = {8}, pages = {S63}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/23/i=8/a=S09} }
Acernese, F. & others	The variable finesse locking technique [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 23(8), pp. S85	article	URL
Abstract: Virgo is a power recycled Michelson interferometer, with 3 km long Fabryâ€“Perot cavities in the arms. The locking of the interferometer has been obtained with an original lock acquisition technique. The main idea is to lock the instrument away from its working point. Lock is obtained by misaligning the power recycling mirror and detuning the Michelson from the dark fringe. In this way, a good fraction of light escapes through the antisymmetric port and the power build-up inside the recycling cavity is extremely low. The benefit is that all the degrees of freedom are controlled when they are almost decoupled, and the linewidth of the recycling cavity is large. The interferometer is then adiabatically brought on to the dark fringe. This technique is referred to as variable finesse, since the recycling cavity is considered as a variable finesse Fabryâ€“Perot. This technique has been widely tested and allows us to reach the dark fringe in few minutes, in an essentially deterministic way.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-23-8-S12, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {The variable finesse locking technique}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2006}, volume = {23}, number = {8}, pages = {S85}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/23/i=8/a=S12} }
Acernese, F. & others	The Virgo automatic alignment system [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 23(8), pp. S91	article	URL
Abstract: The automatic alignment system of the Virgo interferometer differs substantially from those used in similar experiments, since it uses a variant of the Anderson technique. This implies a completely different control topology with respect to other detectors, and the main feature is a strong coupling of different degrees of freedom in the optical signals. It also provides two extra output ports in which differential wave-front sensors can be placed, namely the light transmitted by the Fabryâ€“Perot arm cavities. We report on the first experimental demonstration of this technique on a large scale recycled interferometer, and on the present status of the automatic alignment system.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-23-8-S13, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {The Virgo automatic alignment system}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2006}, volume = {23}, number = {8}, pages = {S91}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/23/i=8/a=S13} }
Acernese, F. & others	The status of coalescing binaries search code in Virgo, and the analysis of C5 data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 23(8), pp. S187	article	URL
Abstract: We present the status of the Virgo analysis pipeline dedicated to the search for coalescing binary signals, focusing on methods based on prior knowledge of the signal waveform. The pipeline includes two partially independent search methods: the multi-band template analysis (MBTA), which is original of Virgo and exploits the chirping behaviour of the signal, and a distributed implementation of the classical matched filter procedure (Merlino), based on robust MPI code. We discuss the application of the search methods to the analysis of data acquired during the Virgo commissioning run C5, which allowed us to perform tests and partially validate the methods and code.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-23-8-S24, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {The status of coalescing binaries search code in Virgo, and the analysis of C5 data}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2006}, volume = {23}, number = {8}, pages = {S187}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/23/i=8/a=S24} }
Acernese, F. & others	Testing Virgo burst detection tools on commissioning run data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 23(8), pp. S197	article	URL
Abstract: The C5 Virgo commissioning run, completed in December 2004, provided data suitable both in quantity and quality for extended analysis. We report here on-going work by the Virgo collaboration on data description, using tools developed either for gravitational wave burst event detection or data characterization. This snapshot illustrates the variety of approaches explored by the Virgo collaboration and indicates some avenues for future investigations.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-23-8-S25, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Testing Virgo burst detection tools on commissioning run data}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2006}, volume = {23}, number = {8}, pages = {S197}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/23/i=8/a=S25} }
Acernese, F. & others	A parallel in-time analysis system for Virgo. [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 32(1), pp. 35	article	URL
Abstract: The interferometric gravitational wave detector Virgo is currently completing its commissioning phase and it is close to start scientific observations. Among the signals to be searched for, those emitted by coalescing binary systems are particularly promising and require a considerable computational effort to optimally search the parameter space. The Virgo collaboration has decided to implement an on-line analysis strategy capable of processing the interferometer data in-time. In this communication we present a component of the analysis pipeline, a parallel computing system based on the Message Passing Interface (MPI). We describe its capabilities, underlining its strength and flexibility, and we illustrate its relation with the other components of the pipeline. The on-line analysis chain, including the presented parallel system, has been run for the first time successfully during the Virgo commissioning run C5 in December 2nd to December 6th 2004[1].
BibTeX: @article{1742-6596-32-1-007, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {A parallel in-time analysis system for Virgo.}, journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, year = {2006}, volume = {32}, number = {1}, pages = {35}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/32/i=1/a=007} }
Acernese, F. & others	Environmental noise studies in Virgo [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 32(1), pp. 80	article	URL
Abstract: The study of the external influences from environmental disturbances is a fundamental issue in interferometric detection of gravitational wave, both in locking and in normal operation. Virgo is continuously monitored by a large number of environmental sensors, ranging from seismometers to microphones to electromagnetic probes, up to a weather station. Using data collected during the engineering runs, we have studied the features of the main external noise sources, and the way they interfere with Virgo operation and expected sensitivity. In this paper we present the preliminary results obtained.
BibTeX: @article{1742-6596-32-1-013, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Environmental noise studies in Virgo}, journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, year = {2006}, volume = {32}, number = {1}, pages = {80}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/32/i=1/a=013} }
Acernese, F. & others	Virgo upgrade investigations [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 32(1), pp. 223	article	URL
Abstract: While the current interferometric gravitational wave detectors are approching their nominal sensitivity, the new generation of detectors is in an advanced design phase. The Virgo collaboration is de.ning now the path to arrive to a complete design of the advanced version of the detector within about two years. The upgrades needed to obtain a detector with improved sensitivity in a relatively short time are here discussed.
BibTeX: @article{1742-6596-32-1-033, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Virgo upgrade investigations}, journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, year = {2006}, volume = {32}, number = {1}, pages = {223}, note = {(M. Punturo on behalf of the Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/32/i=1/a=033} }
Acernese, F. & others	VIRGO COMMISSIONING PROGRESS [BibTeX]	2006	Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity	conference	URL
BibTeX: @conference{MG11Barsuglia, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {VIRGO COMMISSIONING PROGRESS}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity}, year = {2006}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=123} }
Acernese, F. & others	The Status of Virgo Gravitational Wave Detector [BibTeX]	2006	Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity	conference	URL
BibTeX: @conference{MG11Bizouard, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {The Status of Virgo Gravitational Wave Detector}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity}, year = {2006}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=119} }
Acernese, F. & others	Virgo Data analysis for C6 and C7 engineering runs [BibTeX]	2006	Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity	conference	URL
BibTeX: @conference{MG11Cuoco, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {Virgo Data analysis for C6 and C7 engineering runs}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity}, year = {2006}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=121} }
Acernese, F. & others	First coincidence search among periodic gravitational wave source candidates using Virgo data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity	conference	URL
Abstract: This paper describes the ongoing work we are doing on the blind search for continuous gravitational waves emitted by isolated asymmetric rotating neutron stars in the data of the interferometric detector Virgo. An optimal blind search for continuous sources cannot be done with the presently available computing power. We have developed a hierarchical procedure which strongly cut the computational needs, with respect to the optimal analysis, at the cost of a small reduction in sensitivity.We have used the data of the two commissioning runs C6 and C7 to build two periodic source candidate data bases. Each candidate is defined by the physical parameters of the source, namely frequency, sky position and value of the spin-down first order parameter. We have performed an all sky analysis, covering the frequency band 50 ? 1050 Hz and spin-down in 0 ? 1.52 · $10^?4$ Hz/day. We have done a preliminary search for coincidences between the physical parameters of the two candidate sets. We present the full procedure and the results.
BibTeX: @conference{MG11Palomba, author = {Acernese, F and others}, title = {First coincidence search among periodic gravitational wave source candidates using Virgo data}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity}, year = {2006}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {https://www.ego-gw.it/editorialboard/download.aspx?file=118} }
Acernese, F. & others	Status of Virgo [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2005	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 22(18), pp. S869	article	URL
Abstract: The gravitational wave interferometer Virgo is presently in its commissioning phase. The status of the detector will be presented, focusing attention on the results obtained during this last year of commissioning activity, running the interferometer in the recombined configuration (a Michelson interferometer with Fabryâ€“Perot cavities in both the arms) and finally recycling the light beam into the interferometer.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-22-18-S01, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Status of Virgo}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2005}, volume = {22}, number = {18}, pages = {S869}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/22/i=18/a=S01} }
Acernese, F. & others	NAP: a tool for noise data analysis. Application to Virgo engineering runs [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2005	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 22(18), pp. S1041	article	URL
Abstract: We present the noise analysis package library (NAP), a new tool to perform noise studies and data conditioning on the data produced by gravitational wave detectors. We describe its design and report the results of the application of parametric spectral estimation, whitening, line removal with adaptive notch filters and noise removal using a multicoherence procedure on the data taken by the Virgo interferometer during the C5 engineering run.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-22-18-S18, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {NAP: a tool for noise data analysis. Application to Virgo engineering runs}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2005}, volume = {22}, number = {18}, pages = {S1041}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/22/i=18/a=S18} }
Acernese, F. & others	A first study of environmental noise coupling to the Virgo interferometer [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2005	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 22(18), pp. S1069	article	URL
Abstract: During the commissioning of the Virgo interferometer, a search for environmental noise contributions to the dark fringe signal was undertaken. Dedicated tests have been performed to identify major sources of disturbances and to understand the coupling mechanism with the interferometer. The major effect is due to seismic/acoustic noise coupling to the laser beam before the input mode cleaner, then propagating as beam power noise to the ITF dark fringe output signal. In this paper we illustrate the tests performed and preliminary results of our investigation.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-22-18-S21, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {A first study of environmental noise coupling to the Virgo interferometer}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2005}, volume = {22}, number = {18}, pages = {S1069}, note = {(Virgo Collaborations)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/22/i=18/a=S21} }
Acernese, F. & others	Testing the detection pipelines for inspirals with Virgo commissioning run C4 data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2005	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 22(18), pp. S1139	article	URL
Abstract: We report on an investigation of Virgo Commissioning run 4 data, dedicated to searching signals of the kind supposed to be emitted by inspiral neutron star binary systems. Given the still relatively limited sensitivity, the goal was to test some of the elements of the analysis chain, using simulated events, hardware and software injected in the data; the test allowed us to also characterize the detector stability during the run, for the purposes of the inspiral event search.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-22-18-S28, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Testing the detection pipelines for inspirals with Virgo commissioning run C4 data}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2005}, volume = {22}, number = {18}, pages = {S1139}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/22/i=18/a=S28} }
Acernese, F. & others	A simple line detection algorithm applied to Virgo data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2005	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 22(18), pp. S1189	article	URL
Abstract: We propose a new method for the detection of spectral lines in random noise. It mimics the processing scheme of matching filtering, i.e., a whitening procedure combined with the measurement of the correlation between the data and a template. Thanks to the original noise spectrum estimate used in the whitening procedure, the algorithm can easily be tuned to various types of noise. It can thus be applied to the data taken from a wide class of sensors. This versatility and its small computational cost make this method particularly well suited for real-time monitoring in gravitational wave experiments. We show the results of its application to Virgo C4 commissioning data.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-22-18-S33, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {A simple line detection algorithm applied to Virgo data}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2005}, volume = {22}, number = {18}, pages = {S1189}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/22/i=18/a=S33} }
Acernese, F. & others	Results of the Virgo central interferometer commissioning [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 21(5), pp. S395	article	URL
Abstract: The interferometric gravitational wave detector Virgo has successfully completed the first major step of its commissioning. It consists of a Michelson interferometer with 6 m arms with suspended mirrors. The interferometer is tuned to the dark fringe with a recycling mirror on the other port (bright fringe) to form an equivalent 12 m long Fabryâ€“Perot cavity. This setup has allowed us to validate the major technology choices that have been made: passive seismic attenuators, a light source with a long mode cleaner, many analogue and digital servo loops, control software, high speed data acquisition system. A sensitivity of 8 Ã— 10 âˆ’17 m Hz âˆ’1/2 at 1 kHz together with a duty cycle of 80% has been attained during a 72 h engineering run. The data analysis allowed us to understand the noise contributions, and several improvements have been carried out while proceeding with the end of the installation of vacuum tubes and the remaining suspensions, and before starting the commissioning of the 3 km long Fabryâ€“Perot cavities.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-21-5-003, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Results of the Virgo central interferometer commissioning}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, pages = {S395}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/21/i=5/a=003} }
Acernese, F. & others	The last-stage suspension of the mirrors for the gravitational wave antenna Virgo [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 21(5), pp. S425	article	URL
Abstract: We present the last-stage suspension for the mirrors of the gravitational wave antenna Virgo. We studied some problems encountered during the commissioning of the Virgo central interferometer (CITF) and solved them with the aim of achieving the target sensitivity of the detector in its final configuration. We measured the effect of the holder on the internal motion of the mirror, and the residual nonlinear couplings between the electromagnetic actuators and the metallic parts present on the last-stage suspension. The limits experienced on the Virgo CITF have helped us to define some important modifications to be applied to the last-stage suspension. Moreover, we present the experimental study of west input mirror internal modes after it was dismounted from the Virgo central interferometer. The results were useful to identify, in the data of the engineering run 4 of the CITF, the thermal peaks of such a mirror.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-21-5-007, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {The last-stage suspension of the mirrors for the gravitational wave antenna Virgo}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, pages = {S425}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/21/i=5/a=007} }
Acernese, F. & others	Properties of seismic noise at the Virgo site [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 21(5), pp. S433	article	URL
Abstract: We present the results of a study of the major low-frequency sources of seismic activity at the Virgo site. These sources are of natural and human origin: oceanic microseism (below 1 Hz), local traffic and human activity on site (below 10 Hz). Using data collected during the commissioning of the central Virgo interferometer (CITF) we have measured the seismic coupling to the interferometer, demonstrating that seismic noise contributed to the CITF dark fringe noise only below approximately 2 Hz.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-21-5-008, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Properties of seismic noise at the Virgo site}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, pages = {S433}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/21/i=5/a=008} }
Acernese, F. & others	Search for inspiralling binary events in the Virgo Engineering Run data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 21(5), pp. S709	article	URL
Abstract: We report preliminary results of a search for inspiralling binary events, performed on data produced by the Virgo Central Interferometer during the Engineering 4 run. Given the limited sensitivity to gravitational waves, the goal was to test some of the analysis chain elements and their integration. The search method was the matched filtering, supplemented by a Ï‡ 2 based method for the rejection of non-Gaussian events. The range of masses explored was [2â€“5] M ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/icons/Entities/odot.gif] odot , while the frequency range considered was [24â€“1000] Hz. The algorithm was preliminarily tested on simulated data. On real E4 data, candidates were selected by the matched filter when the return SNR value was greater than 7; none of them survived the Ï‡ 2 test. Further, it was possible to put in correspondence the candidates with precise external disturbances in the apparatus.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-21-5-048, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {Search for inspiralling binary events in the Virgo Engineering Run data}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, pages = {S709}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/21/i=5/a=048} }
Acernese, F. & others	The commissioning of the central interferometer of the Virgo gravitational wave detector [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 21(1), pp. 1 - 22	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Virgo is a laser Michelson interferometer with 3-km long Fabry-Perot in the arms, aiming at the detection of gravitational waves emitted by astrophysical sources in the frequency band from 10 Hz to few kHz. The core of the detector, the central interferometer, was installed first. It is a recycled Michelson interferometer, with 6-m long arms, obtained by replacing the 3-km long Fabry-Perot cavities with high reflectivity mirrors and using the same components designed for Virgo. In particular all the mirrors of the interferometer are suspended from the seismic isolators that represent the main unique characteristic of the Virgo detector. The interferometer has been controlled by means of a fully digital control system, capable of monitoring and controlling the relative position of the mirrors with an accuracy of 10-12 m. The best displacement sensitivity was 10-13 m/[radical sign]Hz at 10 Hz and 8 × 10-17 m/[radical sign]Hz above 1 kHz. This article describes the detector configuration, the tests performed in view of commissioning the full detector and the main results obtained.
BibTeX: @article{Acernese20041, author = {F. Acernese and others}, title = {The commissioning of the central interferometer of the Virgo gravitational wave detector}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {1}, pages = {1 - 22}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-4BBH631-3/2/db07553c634217f016369a5a4cbd3066}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.12.004} }
Acernese, F. & others	Lock acquisition of the central interferometer of the gravitational wave detector Virgo [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 21(5), pp. 465 - 477	article	DOI URL
Abstract: We present the lock acquisition algorithm used for the central interferometer of the gravitational wave detector Virgo (CITF). The CITF was a preliminary step in the construction of the Virgo detector, which allowed to test the main components of the instrument. The problems related to the lock acquisition are discussed, together with the key points of the algorithm. Computer simulation in the time domain of the detector was crucial to develop and test the algorithm. A comparison between simulation of the lock acquisition and the corresponding experimental results is shown.
BibTeX: @article{Acernese2004465, author = {F. Acernese and others}, title = {Lock acquisition of the central interferometer of the gravitational wave detector Virgo}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, pages = {465 - 477}, note = {(Virgo Collaborations)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-4C6XTMT-2/2/9abdbc0d9e944f661b6c44df5243991f}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2004.03.007} }
Acernese, F. & others	A local control system for the test masses of the Virgo gravitational wave detector [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 20(6), pp. 617 - 628	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The mirrors of interferometric detectors of gravitational waves (GW) are suspended in order to be isolated from external disturbances. A local control system able to keep them correctly aligned and to damp the angular modes of the suspension is necessary. In this paper we present the solution adopted for Virgo based on a CCD camera sensor and on digital controls. With this solution the mirrors are kept aligned at the level of less than 1 [mu]rad rms, enough to lock the interferometer and start the automatic alignment system.
BibTeX: @article{Acernese2004617, author = {F. Acernese and others}, title = {A local control system for the test masses of the Virgo gravitational wave detector}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2004}, volume = {20}, number = {6}, pages = {617 - 628}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-49XPCVV-1/2/18b98afe2d0eb5139c5c2d2e82b02d5c}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.10.001} }
Acernese, F. & others	First locking of the Virgo central area interferometer with suspension hierarchical control [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 20(6), pp. 629 - 640	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Operation of the central portion of Virgo as a simple 6 m Michelson interferometer has given the first demonstration of the possibility to control an interferometer suspended from Virgo full scale multistage seismic attenuators using information derived from the interferometer locking signal. A special role in the control is played by the first stage of these suspensions, an inverted pendulum: besides its seismic preisolation action, this stage has positioning dynamics of several mm, and it allows to exert a very low frequency control at the upper level of the suspension using the interferometer fringe signal. The application of this feedback to the top-stage of the suspension allows corrections of drifts, such as tidal ones, at a stage of the suspension where a large dynamic range in displacements is available, without introducing noise at the level of the mirror, resulting in a significant reduction of the lock keeping force applied directly on the mirror at the lowest stage of the attenuator.
BibTeX: @article{Acernese2004629, author = {F. Acernese and others}, title = {First locking of the Virgo central area interferometer with suspension hierarchical control}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2004}, volume = {20}, number = {6}, pages = {629 - 640}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-4B6K8PW-1/2/48078a157e13f341aaeee084f1c95333}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.10.003} }
Acernese, F. & others	Status of VIRGO [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2003	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 20(17), pp. S609	article	URL
Abstract: We report on the status of the VIRGO detector as of the beginning of 2003. In particular, we summarize the results obtained during the commissioning of the central portion of the detector, consisting of a power-recycled Michelson interferometer, and we outline the steps which will lead during 2003 and 2004 to the commissioning and operation of the full scale, 3 km long VIRGO detector.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-20-17-304, author = {Acernese, F. and others}, title = {Status of VIRGO}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2003}, volume = {20}, number = {17}, pages = {S609}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/20/i=17/a=304} }
Acernese, F. & others	Data analysis methods for non-Gaussian, nonstationary and nonlinear features and their application to VIRGO [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2003	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 20(17), pp. S915	article	URL
Abstract: The commissioning of the VIRGO central interferometer occasioned the implementation and tests of various algorithms for the characterization of the non-Gaussianity, non-stationarity and non-linearity of the dark fringe data. This library of prototypes will serve as groundwork for the near commissioning of VIRGO (full scale). We make a summary of the activities on that subject including the description of the selected algorithms and some results obtained with the data of the engineering runs.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-20-17-333, author = {Acernese, F. and others}, title = {Data analysis methods for non-Gaussian, nonstationary and nonlinear features and their application to VIRGO}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2003}, volume = {20}, number = {17}, pages = {S915}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/20/i=17/a=333} }
Acernese, F. & others	The present status of the VIRGO Central Interferometer [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2002	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 19(7), pp. 1421	article	URL
Abstract: The VIRGO Central Interferometer (CITF) is a short suspended interferometer operated with the central area elements of the VIRGO detector. The main motivation behind the CITF is to allow the integration and debugging of a large part of the subsystems of VIRGO while the construction of the long arms of the antenna is being completed. This will permit a faster commissioning of the full-size antenna. In fact, almost all the main components of the CITF, with the exception of the large mirrors and a few other details, are the same as those to be used for the full-size detector. In this paper the present status of the VIRGO CITF is reported.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-19-7-325, author = {F Acernese and others}, title = {The present status of the VIRGO Central Interferometer}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2002}, volume = {19}, number = {7}, pages = {1421}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/19/i=7/a=325} }
Alitti, J. & others	Measurement of the gluon structure function from direct photon data at the CERN p Collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1993	Physics Letters B Vol. 299(1-2), pp. 174 - 182	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A measurement of the gluon structure fusion using direct photon events observed with the UA2 detector in p collisions at [radical sign]s=630 GeV is presented. The x-range covered by this analysis is between 0.049 and 0.207 and the 2 range is between 280 GeV2 and 3670 GeV2. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 7.14 pb-1. The results are found to be in good agreement with the gluon distributions measured in deep inelastic scattering experiments extrapolated to the UA2 2 values.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1993174, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {Measurement of the gluon structure function from direct photon data at the CERN p Collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1993}, volume = {299}, number = {1-2}, pages = {174 - 182}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-46YPM43-1JR/2/80e915a9669818645d73f9ab2a0f12a4}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(93)90899-S} }
Alitti, J. & others	A search for new intermediate vector bosons and excited quarks decaying to two-jets at the CERN p Collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1993	Nuclear Physics B Vol. 400(1-3), pp. 3 - 22	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The two-jet invariant mass spectrum as measured in the UA2 experiment is used to search for additional heavy vector bosons decaying to two-jets. The mass of an additional W boson that couples to fermions with a V+A form is constrained to be greater than 261 GeV to the 90% confidence level. A limit on the production cross section of additional W and Z bosons is given as a function of the boson mass. A limit on the production of excited quarks is also given as a function of the excited quark mass.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti19933, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {A search for new intermediate vector bosons and excited quarks decaying to two-jets at the CERN p Collider}, journal = {Nuclear Physics B}, year = {1993}, volume = {400}, number = {1-3}, pages = {3 - 22}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVC-4719VG7-2MX/2/54c361919c0487778a985c5df225f8fa}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0550-3213(93)90395-6} }
Alitti, J. & others	A search for charged Higgs from top quark decay at the CERN p Collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1992	Physics Letters B Vol. 280(1-2), pp. 137 - 145	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The process and its charge conjugate are investigated by seeking an excess in number of observed [tau]'s beyond that expected from the standard model under the assumption of e-[tau] universality. No such excess is found and new regions of the mH-mt plane are excluded for B(H+-->[tau]v) = 0.5 and 1.0. In addition, the ratio of couplings of the [tau] and e to the W is precisely measured as gw[tau]/gwe = 1.02 ± 0.04(stat.)±0.04(syst.).
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1992137, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {A search for charged Higgs from top quark decay at the CERN p Collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1992}, volume = {280}, number = {1-2}, pages = {137 - 145}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-470VJNJ-S4/2/d46e1e562586236b798fc22821a6bd79}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(92)90787-5} }
Alitti, J. & others	Direct measurement of the $W- coupling at the CERN p Collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1992	Physics Letters B Vol. 277(1-2), pp. 194 - 202	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The process is studied as [radical sign]s=630 GeV. The observed signal is used to extract a direct measurement of the parameters [kappa] and [lambda] which define the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments of the W boson and therefore the WW[gamma] coupling. We find [kappa]=1+2.6-2.2 and [lambda]=0+1.7-1.8 and their 95% confidence limits -3.5<[kappa]<5.9 and -3.6<[lambda]<3.5. The results are model indepedent and in good agreement with the standard model values, [kappa]=1 and [lambda]=0.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1992194, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {Direct measurement of the $W- coupling at the CERN p Collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1992}, volume = {277}, number = {1-2}, pages = {194 - 202}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-46YT240-46P/2/4acb42cec656a742b5a44371f4ef6177}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(92)90979-E} }
Alitti, J. & others	Study of electron pair production below the Z mass at the CERN p collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1992	Physics Letters B Vol. 275(1-2), pp. 202 - 208	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Results on the cross section for the production of electron pairs in p collisions at [radical sign]s = 630 GeV are presented. The measured value is [sigma] = 405 ± 51 (syst.) ± 84 (syst.) pb, in the invariant mass interval 10 < m< 70 GeV. The results are compared to recent theoretical calculations which include O([alpha]s2) QCD contributions. The comparison of these data with those of lower energy experiments show approximate scaling as a function of the variable [radical sign][tau] = m/[radical sign]s.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1992202, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {Study of electron pair production below the Z mass at the CERN p collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1992}, volume = {275}, number = {1-2}, pages = {202 - 208}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-46YPKSF-1H1/2/dee27f2b5bf0bb3be63d379f12ba8730}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(92)90876-6} }
Alitti, J. & others	Experimental limit on the decay $W^pmrightarrowpi^pm at the CERN p collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1992	Physics Letters B Vol. 277(1-2), pp. 203 - 208	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Results are given on a search for the decay W±-->[pi]±[gamma] with the UA2 detector in collisions at [radical sign]s=630 GeV. No signal for such a process is observed and upper limits on the ration R=[Gamma](W±-->[pi]±[gamma])/[Gamma](W±-->e±v)<4.9×10-3 and on the branching ratio BR(W±-->[pi]±[gamma])<5.4×10-4 are derived at 95% confidence level.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1992203, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {Experimental limit on the decay $W^pmrightarrowpi^pm at the CERN p collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1992}, volume = {277}, number = {1-2}, pages = {203 - 208}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-46YT240-46R/2/36d3ded99b103c8721a9d2516c9d9700}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(92)90980-I} }
Alitti, J. & others	An improved determination of the ratio of W and Z masses at the CERN p collider [BibTeX]	1992	Physics Letters B Vol. 276(3), pp. 354 - 364	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1992354, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {An improved determination of the ratio of W and Z masses at the CERN p collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1992}, volume = {276}, number = {3}, pages = {354 - 364}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-46YKND6-218/2/c988e483521ba05c6d2ba72928d1113c}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(92)90332-X} }
Alitti, J. & others	A measurement of the W and Z production cross sections and a determination of $w$ at the CERN p collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1992	Physics Letters B Vol. 276(3), pp. 365 - 374	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The decays W --> ev and Z --> e+e- are studied in [ovbarp]p collisions at [radical sign]s=630 GeV. The products of production cross section and branching ratio are measured as [sigma]ew=682±12±40 pb and [sigma]ew=65.6±4.0±3.8 pb. The results are in good agreement with O([alpha]2s) calculations of the production cross sections. Many systematic effects cancel in the ratio, R=10.4±0.70.6±0.3, which can be used to give an indirect measurement of the total width of the W boson: [Gamma]w=2.10±0.13±0.09 GeV. The width gives a limit on the top quark mass, mtop>53 GeV (95% CL), which is independent of the top decay mode.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1992365, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {A measurement of the W and Z production cross sections and a determination of $w$ at the CERN p collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1992}, volume = {276}, number = {3}, pages = {365 - 374}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-46YKND6-219/2/10b30f2af2b97c965e40ca0213618f8c}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(92)90333-Y} }
Alitti, J. & others	A measurement of single and double prompt photon production at the CERN p Collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1992	Physics Letters B Vol. 288(3-4), pp. 386 - 394	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A measurement of the cross-sections for single and double prompt photon production in interactions at is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 13.2 pb-1. The results are in good agreement with the predictions of perturbative QCD. The signal from double prompt photon production has a statistical significance of 4.3 standard deviations.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1992386, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {A measurement of single and double prompt photon production at the CERN p Collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1992}, volume = {288}, number = {3-4}, pages = {386 - 394}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-470W5FK-45S/2/243ee11fe17a0b21f2c898993fc8e6ca}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(92)91118-S} }
Alitti, J. & others	A search for scalar leptoquarks at the CERN p collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1992	Physics Letters B Vol. 274(3-4), pp. 507 - 512	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A search has been made for scalar leptoquark pair production with the upgraded UA2 detector at the CERN Collider at [radical sign]s = 630 GeV, investigating decays of the leptoquark into a quark and either an electron or an electron neutrino. From an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 13 pb-1 a lower limit has been determined for the mass of first generation leptoquarks, yielding 67 GeV (95% CL) for a scalar leptoquark decaying with a 50% branching ratio into a quark and an electron.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1992507, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {A search for scalar leptoquarks at the CERN p collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1992}, volume = {274}, number = {3-4}, pages = {507 - 512}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-472K5FH-34B/2/21cfeafabda15dfd49869cde9fd707b9}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(92)92024-B} }
Alitti, J. & others	A measurement of two-jet decays of the W and Z bosons at the CERN p collider [BibTeX]	1991	Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields Vol. 49, pp. 17-28	article	DOI
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1991, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {A measurement of two-jet decays of the W and Z bosons at the CERN p collider}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields}, year = {1991}, volume = {49}, pages = {17-28}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570793} }
Alitti, J. & others	A study of multi-jet events at the CERN p collider and a search for double parton scattering [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1991	Physics Letters B Vol. 268(1), pp. 145 - 154	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A study of events containing at least four high transverse momentum jets and a search for double parton scattering (DPS) have been performed using data collected with the UA2 detector at the CERN p Collider ([radical sign]s=630 GeV). The results are in good agreement with leading order QCD calculations. A value of [sigma]DPS<0.82 nb at 95% confidence level (CL) is obtained for the DPS cross section.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1991145, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {A study of multi-jet events at the CERN p collider and a search for double parton scattering}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1991}, volume = {268}, number = {1}, pages = {145 - 154}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-470W543-43N/2/991f8c749a31c1443e7f6eaaae9541ca}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(91)90937-L} }
Alitti, J. & others	Inclusive jet cross-section and a search for quark compositeness at the CERN p Collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1991	Physics Letters B Vol. 257(1-2), pp. 232 - 240	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The inclusive jet cross-section has been measured at the CERN p Collider () as a function of the jet transverse momentum (pT) and pseudorapidity ([eta]) for pT values up to 180 GeV and for-2<[eta]<2. The results are consistent with leading order QCD calculations, and a lower limit [Lambda]c>825 GeV (95% CL) is set on the quark compositeness scale [Lambda]c.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1991232, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {Inclusive jet cross-section and a search for quark compositeness at the CERN p Collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1991}, volume = {257}, number = {1-2}, pages = {232 - 240}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-47GJ810-W7/2/2e40db29606cf2830d291f6dc0d90786}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(91)90887-V} }
Alitti, J. & others	A measurement of the direct photon production cross section at the CERN p collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1991	Physics Letters B Vol. 263(3-4), pp. 544 - 550	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A measurement of the inclusive cross-section for production of direct photons in pp collisions at a centre of mass energy of 630 GeV is presented as a function of the photon transverse momentum. The data correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 7.4 pb-1. The results support predictions from QCD theory.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1991544, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {A measurement of the direct photon production cross section at the CERN p collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1991}, volume = {263}, number = {3-4}, pages = {544 - 550}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-46YPKGR-1FD/2/dace292d9d424510cae3aee38139e01e}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(91)90503-I} }
Alitti, J. & others	A determination of the strong coupling constant $s$ from W production at the CERN p collider [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1991	Physics Letters B Vol. 263(3-4), pp. 563 - 572	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The large sample of W-->e[nu] events collected by the UA2 experiment at the CERN p0 collider between 1988 and 1990 has been used to determine the strong coupling constant [alpha]s. From a measurement of the ratio of the production rate of W events with one jet to that with no jets, [alpha]s has been extracted to second order in the MS scheme: 94.
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1991a, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {A determination of the strong coupling constant $s$ from W production at the CERN p collider}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1991}, volume = {263}, number = {3-4}, pages = {563 - 572}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-46YPKGR-1FG/2/b002bafe7f910173ffbf30324b6ec49c}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(91)90505-K} }
Alitti, J. & others	A measurement of electron-tau universality from decays of intermediate vector bosons at the CERN p collider [BibTeX]	1991	Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields Vol. 52, pp. 209-218	article	DOI
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1991b, author = {Alitti, J. and others}, title = {A measurement of electron-tau universality from decays of intermediate vector bosons at the CERN p collider}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields}, year = {1991}, volume = {52}, pages = {209-218}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01560438} }
Alitti, J. & others	Measurement of W and Z production cross sections at the CERN p collider [BibTeX]	1990	Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields Vol. 47, pp. 11-12	article	DOI
BibTeX: @article{Alitti1990, author = {J. Alitti and others}, title = {Measurement of W and Z production cross sections at the CERN p collider}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields}, year = {1990}, volume = {47}, pages = {11-12}, note = {UA2 Collaboration}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01551906} }
Alshourbagy, M., Amico, P., Bosi, L., Cagnoli, G., Campagna, E., Cottone, F., Dari, A., Gammaitoni, L., Lorenzini, M., Losurdo, G., Marchesoni, F., Martelli, F., Piergiovanni, F., Punturo, M., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Travasso, F., Vetrano, F. & Vocca, H.	Measurement of the thermoelastic properties of crystalline Si fibres [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 23(8), pp. S277	article	URL
Abstract: In order to reduce the thermal noise in future interferometers for gravitational wave (GW) detectors, new suspension materials with low thermal noise are under investigation. Crystalline silicon seems to be a promising material mainly at low temperature. A new technology to produce crystalline silicon fibres has been realized. Measurements of mechanical and thermal properties of the fibres at room temperature have been performed. Preliminary measurements at low temperature are presented.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-23-8-S35, author = {M Alshourbagy and P Amico and L Bosi and G Cagnoli and E Campagna and F Cottone and A Dari and L Gammaitoni and M Lorenzini and G Losurdo and F Marchesoni and F Martelli and F Piergiovanni and M Punturo and A Toncelli and M Tonelli and F Travasso and F Vetrano and H Vocca}, title = {Measurement of the thermoelastic properties of crystalline Si fibres}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2006}, volume = {23}, number = {8}, pages = {S277}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/23/i=8/a=S35} }
Alshourbagy, M., Amico, P., Bosi, L., Cagnoli, G., Campagna, E., Cottone, F., Dari, A., Gammaitoni, L., Lorenzini, M., Losurdo, G., Marchesoni, F., Martelli, F., Piergiovanni, F., Punturo, M., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Travasso, F., Vetrano, F. & Vocca, H.	First characterization of silicon crystalline fibers produced with the $-pulling technique for future gravitational wave detectors [BibTeX]	2006	Review of Scientific Instruments Vol. 77(4), pp. 044502	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{alshourbagy:044502, author = {M. Alshourbagy and P. Amico and L. Bosi and G. Cagnoli and E. Campagna and F. Cottone and A. Dari and L. Gammaitoni and M. Lorenzini and G. Losurdo and F. Marchesoni and F. Martelli and F. Piergiovanni and M. Punturo and A. Toncelli and M. Tonelli and F. Travasso and F. Vetrano and H. Vocca}, title = {First characterization of silicon crystalline fibers produced with the $-pulling technique for future gravitational wave detectors}, journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, publisher = {AIP}, year = {2006}, volume = {77}, number = {4}, pages = {044502}, url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?RSI/77/044502/1}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2194486} }
Amico, P., Bosi, L., Carbone, L., Gammaitoni, L., Marchesoni, F., Punturo, M., Travasso, F. & Vocca, H.	Mechanical quality factor of large mirror substrates for gravitational waves detectors [BibTeX]	2002	Review of Scientific Instruments Vol. 73(1), pp. 179-184	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{amico:179, author = {P. Amico and L. Bosi and L. Carbone and L. Gammaitoni and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo and F. Travasso and H. Vocca}, title = {Mechanical quality factor of large mirror substrates for gravitational waves detectors}, journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, publisher = {AIP}, year = {2002}, volume = {73}, number = {1}, pages = {179-184}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)}, url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?RSI/73/179/1}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1419222} }
Amico, P., Bosi, L., Carbone, L., Gammaitoni, L., Marchesoni, F., Punturo, M., Travasso, F. & Vocca, H.	Monolithic fused silica suspension for the Virgo gravitational waves detector [BibTeX]	2002	Review of Scientific Instruments Vol. 73(9), pp. 3318-3323	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{amico:3318, author = {P. Amico and L. Bosi and L. Carbone and L. Gammaitoni and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo and F. Travasso and H. Vocca}, title = {Monolithic fused silica suspension for the Virgo gravitational waves detector}, journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, publisher = {AIP}, year = {2002}, volume = {73}, number = {9}, pages = {3318-3323}, url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?RSI/73/3318/1}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1499540} }
Amico, P., Bosi, L., Carbone, L., Gammaitoni, L., Punturo, M., Travasso, F. & Vocca, H.	Mechanical quality factor of mirror substrates for VIRGO [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2002	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 19(7), pp. 1663	article	URL
Abstract: Thermal noise in the mirror substrates is expected to be the main limit to the VIRGO sensitivity in the 50â€“500 Hz frequency range. The mechanical quality of the mirror substrates and the geometry of their suspension are expected to affect the noise level of the detector output. High mechanical Q have been obtained for different large fused silica substrates under VIRGO suspension conditions. Moreover, calcium fluoride substrates are shown to provide a more promising option for the design of future cryogenic, low thermal noise interferometers.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-19-7-358, author = {P Amico and L Bosi and L Carbone and L Gammaitoni and M Punturo and F Travasso and H Vocca}, title = {Mechanical quality factor of mirror substrates for VIRGO}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2002}, volume = {19}, number = {7}, pages = {1663}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/19/i=7/a=358} }
Amico, P., Bosi, L., Carbone, L., Gammaitoni, L., Punturo, M., Travasso, F. & Vocca, H.	Fused silica suspension for the VIRGO optics: status and perspectives [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2002	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 19(7), pp. 1669	article	URL
Abstract: Thermal noise in mirror suspension wires is the main limitation of low-frequency sensitivity of interferometric gravitational wave detectors. In order to minimize the pendulum thermal noise, a monolithic design, using a low dissipation material, is proposed for VIRGO. High mechanical Q s and high breaking strengths have been obtained for monolithic fused silica fibres. A low-dissipation and high-strength bonding technique using potassium silicate bonding is proposed.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-19-7-359, author = {P Amico and L Bosi and L Carbone and L Gammaitoni and M Punturo and F Travasso and H Vocca}, title = {Fused silica suspension for the VIRGO optics: status and perspectives}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2002}, volume = {19}, number = {7}, pages = {1669}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/19/i=7/a=359} }
Amico, P., Bosi, L., Cattuto, C., Gammaitoni, L., Marchesoni, F., Punturo, M., Travasso, F. & Vocca, H.	A parallel Beowulf-based system for the detection of gravitational waves in interferometric detectors [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2003	Computer Physics Communications Vol. 153(2), pp. 179 - 189	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The detection, in a modern interferometric detector like Virgo, of a gravitational wave signal from a coalescing binary stellar system is an intensive computational task both for the on-line and off-line computer systems. A parallel computing scheme using the Message Passing Interface (MPI) is described. Performance results on a small scale cluster are reported.
BibTeX: @article{Amico2003179, author = {P. Amico and L. Bosi and C. Cattuto and L. Gammaitoni and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo and F. Travasso and H. Vocca}, title = {A parallel Beowulf-based system for the detection of gravitational waves in interferometric detectors}, journal = {Computer Physics Communications}, year = {2003}, volume = {153}, number = {2}, pages = {179 - 189}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ5-48GVWWV-3/2/d957378a896cb2e292e37cd452bccffb}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00223-6} }
Amico, P., Bosi, L., Cattuto, C., Gammaitoni, L., Punturo, M., Travasso, F. & Vocca, H.	A computational test facility for distributed analysis of gravitational wave signals [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 21(5), pp. S847	article	URL
Abstract: In the gravitational wave detector Virgo, the in-time detection of a gravitational wave signal from a coalescing binary stellar system is an intensive computational task. A parallel computing scheme using the message passing interface (MPI) is described. Performance results on a small-scale cluster are reported.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-21-5-070, author = {P Amico and L Bosi and C Cattuto and L Gammaitoni and M Punturo and F Travasso and H Vocca}, title = {A computational test facility for distributed analysis of gravitational wave signals}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, pages = {S847}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/21/i=5/a=070} }
Amico, P., Bosi, L., Cottone, F., Dari, A., Gammaitoni, L., Marchesoni, F., Punturo, M., Travasso, F. & Vocca, H.	Investigation on mechanical losses in $rm TiO_2 / SiO_2$ dielectric coatings [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2006	Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 32(1), pp. 413	article	URL
Abstract: Interferometric gravitational wave detectors use test masses made by large mirrors whose coating is usually made by multiple layers of dielectric materials, most commonly alternating layers of SiO 2 (silica) and Ta 2 O 5 (tantala). It is foreseeable that in future interferometric gravitational wave detector projects (LCGT, EGO, VIRGO,), the mirrors will be cooled down to cryogenic temperature in order to reduce the noise generated by the thermally activated motion of the masses. However, low temperature mechanical losses in the Ta 2 O 5 / SiO 2 coatings might limit the design sensitivity for such cryogenic detectors by setting a lower limit for the expected thermal noise. Here we present some measurements of mechanical losses in the TiO 2 / SiO 2 coatings at room and low temperature (80K-300K).
BibTeX: @article{1742-6596-32-1-063, author = {P Amico and L Bosi and F Cottone and A Dari and L Gammaitoni and F Marchesoni and M Punturo and F Travasso and H Vocca}, title = {Investigation on mechanical losses in $rm TiO_2 / SiO_2$ dielectric coatings}, journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, year = {2006}, volume = {32}, number = {1}, pages = {413}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/32/i=1/a=063} }
Amico, P., Bosi, L., Gammaitoni, L., Losurdo, G., Marchesoni, F., Mazzoni, M., Parisi, D., Punturo, M., Stanga, R., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Travasso, F., Vetrano, F. & Vocca, H.	Monocrystalline fibres for low thermal noise suspension in advanced gravitational wave detectors [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 21(5), pp. S1009	article	URL
Abstract: Thermal noise in mirror suspension will be the most severe fundamental limit to the low-frequency sensitivity of future interferometric gravitational wave detectors. We propose a new type of materials to realize low thermal noise suspension in such detectors. Monocrystalline suspension fibres are good candidates both for cryogenic and for ambient temperature interferometers. Material characteristics and a production facility are described in this paper.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-21-5-094, author = {P Amico and L Bosi and L Gammaitoni and G Losurdo and F Marchesoni and M Mazzoni and D Parisi and M Punturo and R Stanga and A Toncelli and M Tonelli and F Travasso and F Vetrano and H Vocca}, title = {Monocrystalline fibres for low thermal noise suspension in advanced gravitational wave detectors}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, pages = {S1009}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/21/i=5/a=094} }
Amico, P., Bosi, L., Gammaitoni, L., Losurdo, G., Marchesoni, F., Mazzoni, M., Punturo, M., Stanga, R., Toncelli, A., Tonelli, M., Travasso, F., Vetrano, F. & Vocca, H.	Thermal noise reduction for present and future gravitational wave detectors [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment Vol. 518(1-2), pp. 240 - 243	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Thermal noise in mirror suspension is and will be the most severe fundamental limit to the low-frequency sensitivity of interferometric gravitational wave detectors currently under construction. The technical solutions, adopted in the Virgo detector, optimize the current suspension scheme, but new materials and new designs are needed to further reduce the suspension thermal noise. Silicon fibers are promising candidates both for room temperature advanced detectors and for future cryogenic interferometric detectors.
BibTeX: @article{Amico2004240, author = {P. Amico and L. Bosi and L. Gammaitoni and G. Losurdo and F. Marchesoni and M. Mazzoni and M. Punturo and R. Stanga and A. Toncelli and M. Tonelli and F. Travasso and F. Vetrano and H. Vocca}, title = {Thermal noise reduction for present and future gravitational wave detectors}, journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year = {2004}, volume = {518}, number = {1-2}, pages = {240 - 243}, note = {Frontier Detectors for Frontier Physics: Proceedings (Virgo Perugia)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-4BT3HYY-2H/2/13e946cc044469187172099445df6390}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.071} }
Amico, P., Carbone, L., Cattuto, C., Gammaitoni, L., Marchesoni, F., Mischianti, R., Punturo, M., Travasso, F. & Vocca, H.	The thermal noise limit to the Virgo sensitivity [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2001	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 18(19), pp. 4127	article	URL
Abstract: The expected current limit to the Virgo sensitivity is presented. New materials to realize a low thermal noise suspension for the Virgo optics are investigated. A promising fused silica suspension for the Virgo mirrors is presented.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-18-19-322, author = {P Amico and L Carbone and C Cattuto and L Gammaitoni and F Marchesoni and R Mischianti and M Punturo and F Travasso and H Vocca}, title = {The thermal noise limit to the Virgo sensitivity}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2001}, volume = {18}, number = {19}, pages = {4127}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/18/i=19/a=322} }
Amico, P., Carbone, L., Cattuto, C., Gammaitoni, L., Punturo, M., Travasso, F. & Vocca, H.	Thermal noise limit in the Virgo mirror suspension [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2001	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators,Spectrometers,Detectors and Associated Equipment Vol. 461(1-3), pp. 297 - 299	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The expected current limit to the Virgo sensitivity is presented. New materials to realize a low thermal noise suspension for the Virgo optics are investigated. A promising fused silica suspension for the Virgo mirrors is presented.
BibTeX: @article{Amico2001297, author = {P. Amico and L. Carbone and C. Cattuto and L. Gammaitoni and M. Punturo and F. Travasso and H. Vocca}, title = {Thermal noise limit in the Virgo mirror suspension}, journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators,Spectrometers,Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year = {2001}, volume = {461}, number = {1-3}, pages = {297 - 299}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-430WX8M-2X/2/2c618b4e1a75880e4b06f76c72069d8a}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(00)01256-0} }
Ballinger, T., the LIGO Scientific Collaboration & the Virgo Collaboration	A powerful veto for gravitational wave searches using data from Virgo's first scientific run [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2009	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 26(20), pp. 204003	article	URL
Abstract: The use of vetoes generated from auxiliary channels suppresses most of the high amplitude noise triggers that impair gravitational wave (GW) burst and binary inspiral searches. During Virgo's first scientific run (VSR1), many of the remaining loud burst and inspiral Virgo triggers were observed with nearly equal significance in both the in-phase (ACp) and quadrature (ACq) interferometer output channels, while we expect the ACq channel to be insensitive to a GW signal. We describe a veto based on the ratio of the amplitude of the ACp and ACq signals. From studying hardware signal injections, we demonstrate that the ratio of the amplitude of coincident ACp and ACq triggers can be safely used to define a veto; we show its efficiency for the burst and binary inspiral analyses of the VRS1 data.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-26-20-204003, author = {T Ballinger and the LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration}, title = {A powerful veto for gravitational wave searches using data from Virgo's first scientific run}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2009}, volume = {26}, number = {20}, pages = {204003}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/26/i=20/a=204003} }
Barr, G.D. & others	A test of chiral perturbation theory from the measurement of the decay $K_S rightarrow gamma [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1995	Physics Letters B Vol. 351(4), pp. 579 - 584	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Data from NA31 experiment at CERN have been used to measure the decay $K_S rightarrow gamma. From 69 candidate events of the type $K_0 rightarrow gamma, 52 events can be attributed to KL --> [gamma][gamma] and one event is expected from background processes. The ratio of the relative decay widths R = [Gamma](KS --> [gamma][gamma])/[Gamma](KL --> [gamma][gamma]) is measured to be R = 2.2 ± 1.0(stat.) ± 0.3(syst.) ± 0.2(ext.) where the external systematic error is due to the experimental uncertainty in the branching ratio of the decay $K_L rightarrow gamma. This translates into a branching ratio of BR($K_S rightarrow gamma) = $(2.2 pm 1.1) times 10^-6$. If these data are combined with the published data from an earlier data taking period with the same experiment, the ratio R is determined to be where the last term accounts for the dependence on the measured KL --> [gamma][gamma] branching ratio. The corresponding branching ratio for KS --> [gamma][gamma] is BR(KS --> [gamma][gamma]) = (2.4 ± 0.9) × 10-6. The measurement is a sensitive test of chiral perturbation theory and in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
BibTeX: @article{Barr1995579, author = {G. D. Barr and others}, title = {A test of chiral perturbation theory from the measurement of the decay $K_S rightarrow gamma}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1995}, volume = {351}, number = {4}, pages = {579 - 584}, note = {NA31 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-3YMWPV3-7V/2/2c0e7b36100d2d2e7e653f0ba2e43493}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(95)00442-N} }
Beauville, F. & others	The VIRGO large mirrors: a challenge for low loss coatings [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 21(5), pp. S935	article	URL
Abstract: Large optical components (diameter 350 mm), having extremely low loss at 1064 nm, are needed for the large-scale Michelson-type interferometer VIRGO. Today, ion beam sputtering is the only deposition technique able to produce optical components having such performances. Consequently, a large ion beam sputtering deposition system was built to coat large optics up to 700 mm in diameter: two large substrates may also be coated at the same time for interferometer arm symmetry problem. The performances of this coater are described in terms of layer uniformity on a large scale (wavefront) and optical losses (absorption and scattering). The VIRGO interferometer needs six main mirrors. The first set was ready in June 2002 and they have been installed on the VIRGO site (Italy). The optical performances of this first set are discussed. The requirements at 1064 nm are all satisfied. Indeed, the absorption level is close to 1 ppm (part per million), the scattering is lower than 5 ppm and the RMS wavefront of these optics is lower than 8 nm on 150 mm in diameter. Finally, some solutions are proposed to further improve these performances, especially the absorption level and the mechanical quality factor Q of the mirrors and the substrate wavefront before coating.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-21-5-083, author = {Beauville, F. and others}, title = {The VIRGO large mirrors: a challenge for low loss coatings}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, pages = {S935}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/21/i=5/a=083} }
Beauville, F. & others	Status of the Virgo Experiment [BibTeX]	2004	8th International Conference On Advanced Technology And Particle Physics (ICATPP 2003): Astroparticle, Particle, Space Physics, Detectors And Medical Physics Applications 6-10 Oct 2003, Como, Italy	conference	URL
BibTeX: @conference{Beauville2004, author = {F. Beauville and others}, title = {Status of the Virgo Experiment}, booktitle = {8th International Conference On Advanced Technology And Particle Physics (ICATPP 2003): Astroparticle, Particle, Space Physics, Detectors And Medical Physics Applications 6-10 Oct 2003, Como, Italy}, publisher = {World Scientific}, year = {2004}, note = {(M. Punturo on behalf of the Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://villaolmo.mib.infn.it/ICATPP8th_2003/High%20Energy%20Physics/Punturo.pdf} }
Beccaria, M. & others	The creep problem in the VIRGO suspensions: a possible solution using Maraging steel [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1998	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment Vol. 404(2-3), pp. 455 - 469	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Each optical component of the interferometric gravitational wave detector VIRGO is suspended from a cascade of mechanical filters designed to suppress the transmission of seismic vibrations. Each mechanical filter supports the weight of the filters below it by means of a set of steel cantilever blade springs. The stress from the load acting on the blades was found to induce a drooping of the blade tips of several microns per day due to a series of microscopic yielding events (micro-creep). This process induces a mechanical displacement shot-noise on the optical component which can dominate the small displacements produced by gravitational waves. The use of a special precipitation hardened steel (Maraging C250), instead of common spring steel, allows the construction of blades that show an acceptable stability under stress.
BibTeX: @article{Beccaria1998455, author = {M. Beccaria and others}, title = {The creep problem in the VIRGO suspensions: a possible solution using Maraging steel}, journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year = {1998}, volume = {404}, number = {2-3}, pages = {455 - 469}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-41FDHDB-11/2/8df291abecf594c2b7843d083b30863d}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(97)01123-6} }
Beier, T., Blümer, H., Calvetti, M., Cenci, P., Grafström, P., Lariccia, P., Lubrano, P., Mehren, T., Papi, A., Pepe, M., Preussig, M., Punturo, M., Renk, B., Setzu, M., Staeck, J., Talamonti, C., Taurok, A. & Zeitnitz, O.	The tagging detector for the NA48 experiment [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1994	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment Vol. 344(1), pp. 149 - 155	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The final design of the NA48 tagging system is described and a discussion of the 1992 test run results for the detector prototype is presented. A time resolution of about 90 ps is obtained with standard electronics, and a light yield of 300-400 p.e. is measured. A 450 MHz 6 bit FADC system has been designed and tested. This system has shown an intrinsic time resolution of 50 ps, and a double pulse resolution of 7 ns. A high precision alignment procedure allows to achieve a detector efficiency consistent with 100%. The technical and mechanical features of the design are well suited for the purpose of the experiment.
BibTeX: @article{Beier1994149, author = {T. Beier and H. Blümer and M. Calvetti and P. Cenci and P. Grafström and P. Lariccia and P. Lubrano and T. Mehren and A. Papi and M. Pepe and M. Preussig and M. Punturo and B. Renk and M.G. Setzu and J. Staeck and C. Talamonti and A. Taurok and O. Zeitnitz}, title = {The tagging detector for the NA48 experiment}, journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year = {1994}, volume = {344}, number = {1}, pages = {149 - 155}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-470FCGR-WT/2/7d79da07d4eef4159d0ee3d357ccaab1}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90663-7} }
Beier, T., Blümer, H., Calvetti, M., Cenci, P., Grafström, P., Mehren, T., Pepe, M., Punturo, M., Renk, B., Setzu, M.G., Staeck, J., Talamonti, C., Taurok, A. & Zeitnitz, O.	A proton tagging detector for the NA48 experiment [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1995	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment Vol. 360(1-2), pp. 390 - 394	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The concept of KS proton tagging and first prototype test results are reported from the NA48 experiment. Thin scintillator foils were arranged as two staircases intersecting in space. A geometric alignment to 0.4 mrad, a light yield of 300-400 photoelectrons and a time resolution of 70-90 ps with conventional TDCs were achieved. A FADC system operating at 450 megasamples/s performed at 50 ps intrinsic time resolution. Overlapping pulses could be resolved down to 7 ns.
BibTeX: @article{Beier1995390, author = {T. Beier and H. Blümer and M. Calvetti and P. Cenci and P. Grafström and T. Mehren and M. Pepe and M. Punturo and B. Renk and M. G. Setzu and J. Staeck and C. Talamonti and A. Taurok and O. Zeitnitz}, title = {A proton tagging detector for the NA48 experiment}, journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year = {1995}, volume = {360}, number = {1-2}, pages = {390 - 394}, note = {Proceedings of the Sixth Pisa Meeting on Advanced Detectors}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-3YN9DVV-30/2/4d7387a316d848e60249c5b2c322572b}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01726-3} }
Bignotto, M. & others	A cross-correlation method to search for gravitational wave bursts with AURIGA and Virgo [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 25(11), pp. 114046	article	URL
Abstract: We present a method to search for transient gravitational waves using a network of detectors with different spectral and directional sensitivities: the interferometer Virgo and the bar detector AURIGA. The data analysis method is based on the measurements of the correlated energy in the network by means of a weighted cross-correlation. To limit the computational load, this coherent analysis step is performed around timeâ€“frequency coincident triggers selected by an excess power event trigger generator tuned at low thresholds. The final selection of gravitational wave candidates is performed by a combined cut on the correlated energy and on the significance as measured by the event trigger generator. The method has been tested on one day of data of AURIGA and Virgo during September 2005. The outcomes are compared to the results of a stand-alone timeâ€“frequency coincidence search. We discuss the advantages and the limits of this approach, in view of a possible future joint search between AURIGA and one interferometric detector.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-25-11-114046, author = {Bignotto, M. and others}, title = {A cross-correlation method to search for gravitational wave bursts with AURIGA and Virgo}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2008}, volume = {25}, number = {11}, pages = {114046}, note = {(The AURIGA and the Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/25/i=11/a=114046} }
Boccara, C. & others	Virgo Seismic noise isolation system [BibTeX]	1996	Prooc. of the TAMA International Workshop on Gravitational Wave Detector, Saitama, Japan, Nov.12-14, 1996, pp. 193-202	conference
BibTeX: @conference{Boccara1996, author = {C. Boccara and others}, title = {Virgo Seismic noise isolation system}, booktitle = {Prooc. of the TAMA International Workshop on Gravitational Wave Detector, Saitama, Japan, Nov.12-14, 1996}, year = {1996}, pages = {193-202}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)} }
Bozzi, A. & others	Last stage control and mechanical transfer function measurement of the VIRGO suspensions [BibTeX]	2002	Review of Scientific Instruments Vol. 73(5), pp. 2143-2149	article	DOI URL
BibTeX: @article{bozzi:2143, author = {A. Bozzi and others}, title = {Last stage control and mechanical transfer function measurement of the VIRGO suspensions}, journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, publisher = {AIP}, year = {2002}, volume = {73}, number = {5}, pages = {2143-2149}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?RSI/73/2143/1}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1463717} }
Braccini, S. & others	Measurement of the seismic attenuation performance of the VIRGO Superattenuator [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2005	Astroparticle Physics Vol. 23(6), pp. 557 - 565	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The gravitational wave detector VIRGO aims at extending the detection band down to a few Hertz by isolating the mirrors of the interferometer from seismic noise. This result is achieved by hanging each mirror through an elastic suspension (Superattenuator), designed to filter mechanical vibrations in all the degrees of freedom. An experimental upper limit of the mirror residual seismic noise at a few Hertz is provided in this paper. This is lower than the thermal noise floor, expected to limit the antenna sensitivity in the low frequency range.
BibTeX: @article{Braccini2005557, author = {S. Braccini and others}, title = {Measurement of the seismic attenuation performance of the VIRGO Superattenuator}, journal = {Astroparticle Physics}, year = {2005}, volume = {23}, number = {6}, pages = {557 - 565}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJ1-4GCWY6J-5/2/41e012d91c5ab95873b7f0bf502a4ce0}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2005.04.002} }
Brillet, A. & others	Virgo status report, november 1996 [BibTeX]	1996	Prooc. of the TAMA International Workshop on Gravitational Wave Detector, Saitama, Japan, Nov.12-14, 1996, pp. 163-172	conference
BibTeX: @conference{Brillet1996, author = {A. Brillet and others}, title = {Virgo status report, november 1996}, booktitle = {Prooc. of the TAMA International Workshop on Gravitational Wave Detector, Saitama, Japan, Nov.12-14, 1996}, year = {1996}, pages = {163-172}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)} }
Cagnoli, C., Gammaitoni, L., Kovalik, J., Marchesoni, F. & Punturo, M.	Full scale prototype of high Q pendulum for interferometric gravitational wave detectors [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2000	Review of Scientific Instruments Vol. 71, pp. 2206	article	DOI
Abstract: A series of measurements were undertaken to measure the quality factor of a full scale prototype of the last stage suspension system (a 21 kg pendulum) of the VIRGO gravitational wave interferometer, by using a structure with negligible recoil losses. The suspension wires consisted of two loops of C85 harmonic steel with a diameter of $200 mu m$ that formed a pendulum with a length of 0.70 m. The measured pendulum Q varied from $approx 1times 10^4$ for the wire simply cradling the mass to $8times 10^5$ for the wire being offset from the mass with a prism shaped spacer, while the theoretical value for the pendulum Q was calculated to be 6.7×106. The best measured Q was $1.1times 10^6$ for a 20 kg glass mass with metal clamps rigidly attached to it. The main factor that limits the pendulum Q is the dissipation in the wire–test mass attachment. More advanced designs using new materials are needed in order to increase the pendulum Q significantly.
BibTeX: @article{Cagnoli2000, author = {Cagnoli, C. and Gammaitoni, L. and Kovalik, J. and Marchesoni, F. and Punturo, M.}, title = {Full scale prototype of high Q pendulum for interferometric gravitational wave detectors}, journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, year = {2000}, volume = {71}, pages = {2206}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150607} }
Cagnoli, C., Gammaitoni, L., Kovalik, J., Marchesoni, F. & Punturo, M.	Experimental Tests On Low Dissipation Suspension System [BibTeX]	1997	Prooc. of the 2nd Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves, CERN-Ginevra	conference
BibTeX: @conference{Cagnoli1997, author = {C. Cagnoli and L. Gammaitoni and J. Kovalik and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo}, title = {Experimental Tests On Low Dissipation Suspension System}, booktitle = {Prooc. of the 2nd Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves, CERN-Ginevra}, publisher = {World Scientific Publishing Company}, year = {1997}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)} }
Cagnoli, C., Gammaitoni, L., Kovalik, J., Marchesoni, F. & Punturo, M.	Thermal noise limit to the Virgo sensitivity [BibTeX]	1997	Prooc. of the 2nd Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves, CERN-Ginevra	conference
BibTeX: @conference{Cagnoli1997a, author = {C. Cagnoli and L. Gammaitoni and J. Kovalik and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo}, title = {Thermal noise limit to the Virgo sensitivity}, booktitle = {Prooc. of the 2nd Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves, CERN-Ginevra}, publisher = {World Scientific Publishing Company}, year = {1997}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)} }
Cagnoli, C., Gammaitoni, L., Kovalik, J., Marchesoni, F. & Punturo, M.	Thermal noise limit to the Virgo sensitivity [BibTeX]	1996	Prooc. of the TAMA International Workshop on Gravitational Wave Detector, Saitama, Japan, Nov.12-14, 1996, pp. 43-46	conference
BibTeX: @conference{Cagnoli1996, author = {C. Cagnoli and L. Gammaitoni and J. Kovalik and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo}, title = {Thermal noise limit to the Virgo sensitivity}, booktitle = {Prooc. of the TAMA International Workshop on Gravitational Wave Detector, Saitama, Japan, Nov.12-14, 1996}, year = {1996}, pages = {43-46}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)} }
Cagnoli, C., Gammaitoni, L., Kovalik, J., Marchesoni, F. & Punturo, M.	Q measurements of full scale pendulum prototype [BibTeX]	1996	Prooc. of the TAMA International Workshop on Gravitational Wave Detector, Saitama, Japan, Nov.12-14, 1996, pp. 47-53	conference
BibTeX: @conference{Cagnoli1996a, author = {C. Cagnoli and L. Gammaitoni and J. Kovalik and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo}, title = {Q measurements of full scale pendulum prototype}, booktitle = {Prooc. of the TAMA International Workshop on Gravitational Wave Detector, Saitama, Japan, Nov.12-14, 1996}, year = {1996}, pages = {47-53}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)} }
Cagnoli, G., Gammaitoni, L., Hough, J., Kovalik, J., McIntosh, S., Punturo, M. & Rowan, S.	Very High $Q$ Measurements on a Fused Silica Monolithic Pendulum for Use in Enhanced Gravity Wave Detectors [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2000	Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 85(12), pp. 2442-2445	article	DOI
Abstract: We present for the first time the results of very high Q factor measurements for a 2.8 kg fused silica mass suspended by two fused quartz fibers attached by a novel technique for joining fused silica or quartz. The Q for the pendulum mode at 0.93 Hz was$ (2.3pm 0.2)times 10^7$, the highest value demonstrated to date for a mass of this size. By employing such a new suspension system the sensitivity of the gravitational wave detectors currently under construction can be increased up to 1 order of magnitude.
BibTeX: @article{PhysRevLett.85.2442, author = {Cagnoli, G. and Gammaitoni, L. and Hough, J. and Kovalik, J. and McIntosh, S. and Punturo, M. and Rowan, S. }, title = {Very High $Q$ Measurements on a Fused Silica Monolithic Pendulum for Use in Enhanced Gravity Wave Detectors}, journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, year = {2000}, volume = {85}, number = {12}, pages = {2442--2445}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.2442} }
Cagnoli, G., Gammaitoni, L., Kovalik, J., Marchesoni, F. & Punturo, M.	Low-frequency internal friction in clamped-free thin wires [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1999	Physics Letters A Vol. 255(4-6), pp. 230 - 235	article	DOI URL
Abstract: We present a series of internal friction measurements for the normal modes of circular fibres made of different materials, that can suspend the test masses of an interferometric gravity wave detector. For metallic wires, the frequency independent loss angle ranges between 10-3 and 10-4. The losses in fused silica are two orders of magnitude lower than those in metals.
BibTeX: @article{Cagnoli1999230, author = {G. Cagnoli and L. Gammaitoni and J. Kovalik and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo}, title = {Low-frequency internal friction in clamped-free thin wires}, journal = {Physics Letters A}, year = {1999}, volume = {255}, number = {4-6}, pages = {230 - 235}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVM-3Y8WM4M-5/2/c27b9ff8e5e3618c1b1b8ad9a63f17ff}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0375-9601(99)00184-X} }
Cagnoli, G., Gammaitoni, L., Kovalik, J., Marchesoni, F. & Punturo, M.	Eddy current damping of high Q pendulums in gravitational wave detection experiments [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1998	Review of Scientific Instruments Vol. 69, pp. 2777-2780	article	DOI
Abstract: The test masses of a large interferometric gravity wave detector (VIRGO project) will be controlled by actuators consisting of magnets attached to the masses and solenoids attached to an auxilliary and potentially electrically conductive reference mass. A brief analytic model of the damping produced by the eddy currents induced by the magnets’ motion relative to the reference mass is presented. The results of a series of experimental tests to verify this model are also given. They demonstrate that a conducting reference mass should not degrade the Q of the pendulum sufficiently to affect the sensitivity of the VIRGO detector
BibTeX: @article{Cagnoli1998, author = {G. Cagnoli and L. Gammaitoni and J. Kovalik and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo}, title = {Eddy current damping of high Q pendulums in gravitational wave detection experiments}, journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, year = {1998}, volume = {69}, pages = {2777-2780}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149015} }
Cagnoli, G., Gammaitoni, L., Kovalik, J., Marchesoni, F. & Punturo, M.	Suspension losses in low-frequency mechanical pendulums [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1996	Physics Letters A Vol. 213(5-6), pp. 245 - 252	article	DOI URL
Abstract: A series of tests on the geometry and the materials of the mechanical clamps of the suspensions for the test masses of a large interferometric gravity wave detector (VIRGO project) has been carried out with the purpose of improving the clamp design. A significant decrease of the losses due to the stick-and-slip mechanism on the clamp surfaces has been obtained by increasing and localizing the clamping pressure on the heads of the suspension wires or strips (monolithic suspensions). The total losses thus measured compare well with the internal friction losses in the wire (or strip) material.
BibTeX: @article{Cagnoli1996245, author = {G. Cagnoli and L. Gammaitoni and J. Kovalik and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo}, title = {Suspension losses in low-frequency mechanical pendulums}, journal = {Physics Letters A}, year = {1996}, volume = {213}, number = {5-6}, pages = {245 - 252}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVM-3VTNGHV-7/2/77dff6373b019bdf3dfd31ea7794e117}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0375-9601(96)00146-6} }
Cagnoli, G., Gammaitoni, L., Kovalik, J., Marchesoni, F. & Punturo, M.	The VIRGO Challenge : Detecting Strain Amplitudes Smaller Than $10^-21$ [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1996	Journal de Physique IV Vol. 06, pp. C8-883 - C8-836	article	DOI
Abstract: The French-Italian collaboration VIRGO is presently building an interferometric gravitational wave detector aimed at measuring spectral strains in vacuo as small as $10^-23$/sqrt(Hz) in the bandwidth $5 - 10^4$Hz. Elimination of thermal noise effects poses new challenges to internal friction experts. VIRGO requirements and strategies are outlined here with the purpose of stimulating discussion, advice and, possibly, collaboration.
BibTeX: @article{G.Cagnoli1996, author = {G. Cagnoli and L. Gammaitoni and J. Kovalik and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo}, title = {The VIRGO Challenge : Detecting Strain Amplitudes Smaller Than $10^-21$}, journal = {Journal de Physique IV}, year = {1996}, volume = {06}, pages = {C8-883 - C8-836}, note = {Eleventh International Conference on Internal Friction and Ultrasonic Attenuation in Solids (Virgo Perugia)}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:19968179} }
Cagnoli, G., Gammaitoni, L., Kovalik, J., Marchesoni, F., Punturo, M., Braccini, S., Salvo, R.D., Fidecaro, F. & Losurdo, G.	Mechanical shot noise induced by creep in suspension devices [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1997	Physics Letters A Vol. 237(1-2), pp. 21 - 27	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The sensitivity curve of a gravitational wave interferometric detector like VIRGO might be seriously limited by the mechanical shot noise induced by stationary creep in the heavily loaded mechanical suspension components (wires, spring blades, etc.). We quantify this effect and discuss possible improvements which could be implemented without major design alterations.
BibTeX: @article{Cagnoli199721, author = {G. Cagnoli and L. Gammaitoni and J. Kovalik and F. Marchesoni and M. Punturo and S. Braccini and R. De Salvo and F. Fidecaro and G. Losurdo}, title = {Mechanical shot noise induced by creep in suspension devices}, journal = {Physics Letters A}, year = {1997}, volume = {237}, number = {1-2}, pages = {21 - 27}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVM-3SYPTHF-4/2/3d4a5e5a9b6623cd67cd985fb5ff454d}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0375-9601(97)00710-X} }
Caron, B. & others	State of the art of the Virgo Experiment [BibTeX]	1996	Vol. 2Proceedings of the International Conference on Gravitational Waves: Sources and Detectors, Cascina (Pisa), Italy 19-23 March 1996, pp. 73-92	conference
BibTeX: @conference{Caron1996, author = {B. Caron and others}, title = {State of the art of the Virgo Experiment}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Gravitational Waves: Sources and Detectors, Cascina (Pisa), Italy 19-23 March 1996}, publisher = {World Scientific Publishing Company}, year = {1996}, volume = {2}, pages = {73-92}, note = {Virgo Collaboration} }
Caron, B. & others	The Virgo Suspension System [BibTeX]	1996	Vol. 2Proceedings of the International Conference on Gravitational Waves: Sources and Detectors, Cascina (Pisa), Italy 19-23 March 1996, pp. 73-92	conference
BibTeX: @conference{Caron1996a, author = {B. Caron and others}, title = {The Virgo Suspension System}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Gravitational Waves: Sources and Detectors, Cascina (Pisa), Italy 19-23 March 1996}, publisher = {World Scientific Publishing Company}, year = {1996}, volume = {2}, pages = {73-92}, note = {Virgo Collaboration} }
Caron, B. & others	The Virgo interferometer [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1997	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 14(6), pp. 1461	article	URL
Abstract: The Virgo gravitational wave detector is an interferometer with 3 km long arms in construction near Pisa to be commissioned in the year 2000. Virgo has been designed to achieve a strain sensitivity ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/0264-9381/14/6/011/img1.gif] of a few times ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/0264-9381/14/6/011/img2.gif] at 200 Hz. A large effort has gone into the conception of the mirror suspension system, which is expected to reduce noise to the level of ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/0264-9381/14/6/011/img3.gif] at 10 Hz. The expected signals and main sources of noise are briefly discussed; the choices made are illustrated together with the present status of the experiment.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-14-6-011, author = {B Caron and others}, title = {The Virgo interferometer}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {1997}, volume = {14}, number = {6}, pages = {1461}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/14/i=6/a=011} }
Caron, B. & others	Status of the VIRGO experiment [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1996	Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements Vol. 48(1-3), pp. 107 - 109	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The Virgo detector will be a 3 km long interferometer antenna with a design sensitivity aiming at the direct observation of gravitational waves.The construction of this detector which will be installed near Pisa is under way. The data taking should start in year 2000 with a design sensitivity close to h¯[similar, equals]10-23Hz-1/2. The motivations, detector principle, main sources of noise and status of the experiment are presented.
BibTeX: @article{Caron1996107, author = {B. Caron and others}, title = {Status of the VIRGO experiment}, journal = {Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements}, year = {1996}, volume = {48}, number = {1-3}, pages = {107 - 109}, note = {Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Theoretical and Phenomenological Aspects of Underground Physics (Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVD-3VTHYFM-21/2/0b05906c50427f5e5aaf6a6674bd2b15}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0920-5632(96)00220-4} }
Caron, B. & others	Status of the VIRGO experiment [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1995	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment Vol. 360(1-2), pp. 258 - 262	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The VIRGO experiment was approved in September 1993. The goal of the French-Italian collaboration is to detect gravitational waves using a 3 km arm-length Michelson interferometer. The construction of this detector, which will be installed in Pisa, is under way. The experiment is planned to take data, in a large bandwidth (10 Hz-10 kHz), at the beginning of the year 2000 with nominal sensitivity close to . The motivations, detection principle, main sources of noise and status of the experiment are presented.
BibTeX: @article{Caron1995258, author = {B. Caron and others}, title = {Status of the VIRGO experiment}, journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year = {1995}, volume = {360}, number = {1-2}, pages = {258 - 262}, note = {Proceedings of the Sixth Pisa Meeting on Advanced Detectors (Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-3YN9DVV-1X/2/6b2eeb7d84f612467d0f5655ae30ed02}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01613-5} }
Ellett, J., Erhan, S., Kreuzer, P., Lynn, D., Medinnis, M., Schlein, P., Zweizig, J., Czermak, A., Engelmann, G., Klingsheim, O., Ley, K., Price, M., Rudge, A., Wahl, H., Weilhammer, P., Borreani, G., Hofmann, W., Wilkens, B., Calvetti, M., Punturo, M., Guz, Y., Ivanuschenkov, Y., Biino, C., Palestini, S., Pesando, L., Harr, R. & Karchin, P.	Development and test of a large silicon strip system for a hadron collider Beauty trigger [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1992	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment Vol. 317(1-2), pp. 28 - 46	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Large apecture forward spectrometers with planar geometry perpendicular to the beam line are the natural detectors to accomodate the expected forward peaking of Beauty particle production at high energy hadron colliders. We have designed, built and tested a prototype planar silicon strip vertex detector for triggering such a spectrometer system. The test system consisted of 43 000 channels, configured in six planes, each with four quadrants, perpendicular to the beam line and installed inside the SPS-collider vacuum pipe at the center of an interaction region. Events recorded with the rf shield of the silicon system 1.5 mm from the circulating beams show negligible event-unrelated background.
BibTeX: @article{Ellett199228, author = {J. Ellett and S. Erhan and P. Kreuzer and D. Lynn and M. Medinnis and P. Schlein and J. Zweizig and A. Czermak and G. Engelmann and O. Klingsheim and K. Ley and M. Price and A. Rudge and Hartmut Wahl and P. Weilhammer and G. Borreani and W. Hofmann and B. Wilkens and M. Calvetti and M. Punturo and Y. Guz and Y. Ivanuschenkov and C. Biino and S. Palestini and L. Pesando and R. Harr and P. Karchin}, title = {Development and test of a large silicon strip system for a hadron collider Beauty trigger}, journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year = {1992}, volume = {317}, number = {1-2}, pages = {28 - 46}, note = {P238 Collaboration}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-473FKWY-10K/2/13f9ef3df1d2b8db4e959dd250c0dfba}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0168-9002(92)90592-R} }
Fanti, V. & others	The beam and detector for the NA48 neutral kaon CP violation experiment at CERN [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2007	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment Vol. 574(3), pp. 433 - 471	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The beam and detector, used for the NA48 experiment, devoted to the measurement of Re([epsilon]'/[epsilon]), and for the NA48/1 experiment on rare KS and neutral hyperon decays, are described.
BibTeX: @article{Fanti2007433, author = {V. Fanti and others}, title = {The beam and detector for the NA48 neutral kaon CP violation experiment at CERN}, journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year = {2007}, volume = {574}, number = {3}, pages = {433 - 471}, note = {(NA48 Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-4N67NVK-1/2/45a878d975b38a992480bd97a6c4d337}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2007.01.178} }
Fanti, V. & others	A new measurement of direct CP violation in two pion decays of the neutral kaon [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1999	Physics Letters B Vol. 465(1-4), pp. 335 - 348	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The NA48 experiment at CERN has performed a new measurement of direct CP violation, based on data taken in 1997 by simultaneously collecting KL and KS decays into [pi]0[pi]0 and [pi]+[pi]-. The result for the CP violating parameter Re ([var epsilon]'/[var epsilon]) is (18.5±4.5(stat)±5.8(syst))×10-4.
BibTeX: @article{Fanti1999335, author = {V. Fanti and others}, title = {A new measurement of direct CP violation in two pion decays of the neutral kaon}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1999}, volume = {465}, number = {1-4}, pages = {335 - 348}, note = {(NA48 Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-3Y8N3C6-1Y/2/b09b98f1587ae43ca3860f457f344b5b}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0370-2693(99)01030-8} }
Fidecaro, F. & collaboration, VIRGO.	Suspension of detection masses for the Virgo interferometer [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1996	Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements Vol. 48(1-3), pp. 110 - 112	article	DOI URL
Abstract: The masses used by the Virgo interferometer to detect gravitational waves need adequate isolation from seismic noise. A multistage suspension system has been designed to extend the interferometer sensitivity down around 4 Hz. Motivations for this choice and an outline of the solutions adopted are given.
BibTeX: @article{Fidecaro1996110, author = {F. Fidecaro and VIRGO collaboration}, title = {Suspension of detection masses for the Virgo interferometer}, journal = {Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements}, year = {1996}, volume = {48}, number = {1-3}, pages = {110 - 112}, note = {Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Theoretical and Phenomenological Aspects of Underground Physics (Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVD-3VTHYFM-20/2/2b3cb9a68174b64198614ae33b74deb0}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0920-5632(96)00221-6} }
Gammaitoni, L., Marchesoni, F., E.Menichella-Saetta, M.Punturo & S.Santucci	Stochastic Resonance: Phenomenology and Applications [BibTeX]	1989	Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics : satellite meeting to STATPHYS 17 and fourth MEDYFINOL conference	conference
BibTeX: @conference{L.Gammaitoni1989, author = {L. Gammaitoni and F. Marchesoni and E.Menichella-Saetta and M.Punturo and S.Santucci}, title = {Stochastic Resonance: Phenomenology and Applications}, booktitle = {Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics : satellite meeting to STATPHYS 17 and fourth MEDYFINOL conference}, publisher = {Singapore ; Teaneck, NJ : World Scientific, c1990.}, year = {1989} }
Gammaitoni, L. & others	Virgo Suspension R&D: Fused Silica and Creep [BibTeX]	2000	Gravitational Waves: Third Edoardo Amaldi Conference. Pasadena, California, 12-16 July, 1999	conference
BibTeX: @conference{Gammaitoni2000, author = {Gammaitoni, L. and others}, title = {Virgo Suspension R&D: Fused Silica and Creep}, booktitle = {Gravitational Waves: Third Edoardo Amaldi Conference. Pasadena, California, 12-16 July, 1999}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, year = {2000}, note = {(Virgo Perugia)} }
Grafström, P., Beier, T., Blümer, H., Mehren, T., Renk, B., Staeck, J., Zeitnitz, O., Calvetti, M., Cenci, P., Pepe, M., Punturo, M., Setzu, M., Talamonti, C. & Taurok, A.	A proton tagging detector for the NA48 experiment [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1994	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment Vol. 344(3), pp. 487 - 491	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Prototype test results are reported from the NA48 KS tagging system. Thin scintillator foils were arranged as two staircases intersecting in space. A geometric alignment to 0.4 mrad, a light yield of 300-400 photoelectrons and a time resolution of 70-90 ps with conventional TDCs were achieved. A FADC system operating at 450 megasamples/s performed at 50 ps intrinsic time resolution. Overlapping pulses could be resolved down to 7 ns.
BibTeX: @article{Grafström1994487, author = {P. Grafström and T. Beier and H. Blümer and T. Mehren and B. Renk and J. Staeck and O. Zeitnitz and M. Calvetti and P. Cenci and M. Pepe and M. Punturo and M.G. Setzu and C. Talamonti and A. Taurok}, title = {A proton tagging detector for the NA48 experiment}, journal = {Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment}, year = {1994}, volume = {344}, number = {3}, pages = {487 - 491}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-472621B-5/2/927f5ab2c4242eb27f6e6cb2f0d1973d}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90869-9} }
Harr, R., Biino, C., Borreani, G., Erhan, S., Hofmann, W., Karchin, P., Kreuzer, P., Liapis, C., Lynn, D., Medinnis, M., Palestini, S., Pesando, L., Punturo, M., Schlein, P., Wilkens, B. & Zweizig, J.	Tracking detector alignment using constrained vertex fits [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1994	IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Vol. 41, pp. 796 - 803	article	DOI URL
Abstract: We present a method to align between sections of a particle tracking detector exploiting the fact that most of the tracks in an event originate from a common spatial point. The method optimizes the reconstruction of interaction vertices of high energy particle collisions and is particularly useful for aligning sections of a detector which cover different ranges of the $4 solid angle. A fast algorithm, suitable for online use, is derived. We demonstrate this method for the P238 vertex detector and present results with data and simulation
BibTeX: @article{Harr1994, author = {Harr, R. and Biino, C. and Borreani, G. and Erhan, S. and Hofmann, W. and Karchin, P. and Kreuzer, P. and Liapis, C. and Lynn, D. and Medinnis, M. and Palestini, S. and Pesando, L. and Punturo, M. and Schlein, P. and Wilkens, B. and Zweizig, J.}, title = {Tracking detector alignment using constrained vertex fits}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science}, year = {1994}, volume = {41}, pages = {796 - 803}, note = {P238 Collaboration}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.322809}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.322809} }
Harr, R., Liapis, C., Karchin, P., Biino, C., Erhan, S., Hofmann, W., Kreuzer, P., Lynn, D., Medinnis, M., Palestini, S., Pesando, L., Punturo, M., Schlein, P., Wilkens, B. & Zweizig, J.	Pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles in p collisions at $s = 630$ GeV [Abstract] [BibTeX]	1997	Physics Letters B Vol. 401(1-2), pp. 176 - 180	article	DOI URL
Abstract: Using a silicon vertex detector, we measure the charged particle pseudorapidity distribution over the range 1.5 to 5.5 using data collected from collisions at GeV. With a data sample of 3 × 106 events, we deduce a result with an overall normalization uncertainty of 5%, and typical bin to bin errors of a few percent. We compare our result to the measurement of UA5, and the distribution generated by the Lund Monte Carlo with default settings. This is only the second measurement at this level of precision, and only the second measurement for pseudorapidity greater than 3.
BibTeX: @article{Harr1997176, author = {R. Harr and C. Liapis and P. Karchin and C. Biino and S. Erhan and W. Hofmann and P. Kreuzer and D. Lynn and M. Medinnis and S. Palestini and L. Pesando and M. Punturo and P. Schlein and B. Wilkens and J. Zweizig}, title = {Pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles in p collisions at $s = 630$ GeV}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, year = {1997}, volume = {401}, number = {1-2}, pages = {176 - 180}, note = {(P238 collaboration)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVN-3SPKFH3-3R/2/aa2dec8206f83ff842ffbae89095f334}, doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)00385-7} }
Leroy, N., the LIGO Scientific Collaboration & the Virgo Collaboration	Data quality and vetoes for the gravitational-wave burst and inspiral analyses in Virgo's first science run [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2009	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 26(20), pp. 204007	article	URL
Abstract: Gravitational-wave (GW) searches are impaired by the presence of transient sources of noise that can masquerade as a GW signal. This is particularly a burden when these events have larger amplitudes and hence generate an increase in the background for the loudest triggers. Requiring a coincidence between the output of the Virgo and LIGO detectors does not completely eliminate their effect. It is therefore necessary to suppress them in the Virgo GW channel trigger list. Many of these events are due to sources of noise intrinsic to the detector, or environmental disturbances. We here show that many of these sources of noise have been identified, looking at the Virgo GW and auxiliary channels. Data quality vetoes have been defined specifically for the GW burst and inspiral searches, and applied to Virgo data in the joint LIGO/Virgo analyses. Then we show their effect on the analyses performed on the data collected during the first Virgo science run.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-26-20-204007, author = {N Leroy and the LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration}, title = {Data quality and vetoes for the gravitational-wave burst and inspiral analyses in Virgo's first science run}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2009}, volume = {26}, number = {20}, pages = {204007}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/26/i=20/a=204007} }
Lorenzini, M. & the Virgo Collaboration	The monolithic suspension for the Virgo interferometer [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 27(8), pp. 084021	article	URL
Abstract: Monolithic fused silica suspensions are needed to reduce the suspension thermal noise level in future, ground-based gravitational wave interferometric detectors. We present the status of the monolithic suspension system which will be employed for the test masses of the Virgo+ detector. Two fully monolithic suspensions have been realized using a spare Virgo mirror, so the assembling pipeline was checked; moreover, a very reliable recovery procedure was developed to allow an efficient and fast (about a week) suspension repairing in case of wires' failure. The performances of a full scale prototype of the last suspension stage, suspending an aluminum dummy mass, were tested and the mechanical behavior of the suspension is currently studied in vacuum. The obtained results, crucial to finalize the design of the silica suspension elements for the advanced version of the interferometer, are reported.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-27-8-084021, author = {M Lorenzini and the Virgo Collaboration}, title = {The monolithic suspension for the Virgo interferometer}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2010}, volume = {27}, number = {8}, pages = {084021}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/27/i=8/a=084021} }
Marion, F. & others	SIESTA: A general purpose simulation program for the virgo experiment [BibTeX]	1996	Prooc. of the TAMA International Workshop on Gravitational Wave Detector, Saitama, Japan, Nov.12-14, 1996, pp. 21-26	conference
BibTeX: @conference{Marion1996, author = {F. Marion and others}, title = {SIESTA: A general purpose simulation program for the virgo experiment}, booktitle = {Prooc. of the TAMA International Workshop on Gravitational Wave Detector, Saitama, Japan, Nov.12-14, 1996}, year = {1996}, pages = {21-26}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)} }
Nawrodt, R., Rowan, S., Hough, J., Punturo, M., Ricci, F. & Vinet, J.-Y.	Challenges in thermal noise for 3rd generation of gravitational wave detectors [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	General Relativity and Gravitation, pp. 1-30	article	URL
Abstract: Various noise sources limit the sensitivity of current interferometric gravitational wave detectors, including seismic noise, thermal noise of the optical components and suspension elements and photon shot noise. Plans are in place for a suite of hardware upgrades which should increase the sensitivity of these detectors by reducing the various noise sources. With these designs for 2nd generation detectors mature, techniques for further improvement of detector sensitivity by a factor of approximately 10 are under study. A particular challenge is the reduction of the thermal noise associated with the interferometer mirrors and their suspensions. We review the current status of research on thermal noise in interferometric gravitational wave detectors. Aspects of possible techniques for use in future ‘3rd generation detectors’ such as cryogenics and diffractive optics are discussed.
BibTeX: @article{springerlink:10.1007/s10714-010-1066-5, author = {Nawrodt, Ronny and Rowan, Sheila and Hough, Jim and Punturo, Michele and Ricci, Fulvio and Vinet, Jean-Yves}, title = {Challenges in thermal noise for 3rd generation of gravitational wave detectors}, journal = {General Relativity and Gravitation}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, year = {2010}, pages = {1-30}, note = {10.1007/s10714-010-1066-5}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10714-010-1066-5} }
Prete, M.D., the Virgo & the LSC Collaboration	Characterization of a subset of large amplitude noise events in VIRGO science run 1 (VSR1) [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2009	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 26(20), pp. 204022	article	URL
Abstract: We report about a characterization study of a subset of large amplitude noise events present in the main data channel of the VIRGO detector. The main motivation of this study is the identification of auxiliary channels which can be used to define veto procedures. We characterized large amplitude events both in the time and in the frequency domain. We found evidence of coincidences among these and disturbances detected by magnetometer's sensors or inside the main power supply. In some cases the disturbances were produced by events in the VIRGO environment such as lightnings, main power supply glitches and airplane traffic. We have found two auxiliary channels that can be used to veto events generated by main power supply glitches or lightnings. A procedure to clean the main channel based on them has been successfully tested. We have also identified two auxiliary channels which are useful for the identification of events generated by airplane traffic. These can be used to implement a vetoing procedure both in the time and in the frequency domain.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-26-20-204022, author = {M Del Prete and the Virgo and the LSC Collaboration}, title = {Characterization of a subset of large amplitude noise events in VIRGO science run 1 (VSR1)}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2009}, volume = {26}, number = {20}, pages = {204022}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/26/i=20/a=204022} }
Punturo, M. & Lück, H.	Toward a third generation of gravitational wave observatories [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	General Relativity and Gravitation, pp. 1-23	article	URL
Abstract: Large gravitational wave interferometric detectors, like Virgo and LIGO, demonstrated the capability to reach their design sensitivity, but to transform these machines into an effective observational instrument for gravitational wave astronomy a large improvement in sensitivity is required. Advanced detectors in the near future and third generation observatories in slightly more than one decade will open the possibility to perform gravitational wave astronomical observations from the Earth. An overview of the technological progress needed to realize a third generation observatory, like the Einstein Telescope (ET), and a possible evolution scenario are discussed in this paper.
BibTeX: @article{GRG-ET-2010, author = {Punturo, Michele and Lück, Harald}, title = {Toward a third generation of gravitational wave observatories}, journal = {General Relativity and Gravitation}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, year = {2010}, pages = {1-23}, note = {10.1007/s10714-010-1010-8}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10714-010-1010-8} }
Punturo, M. & others	The Einstein Telescope: a third-generation gravitational wave observatory [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 27(19), pp. 194002	article	DOI
Abstract: Advanced gravitational wave interferometers, currently under realization, will soon permit the detection of gravitational waves from astronomical sources. To open the era of precision gravitational wave astronomy, a further substantial improvement in sensitivity is required. The future space-based Laser Interferometer Space Antenna and the third-generation ground-based observatory Einstein Telescope (ET) promise to achieve the required sensitivity improvements in frequency ranges. The vastly improved sensitivity of the third generation of gravitational wave observatories could permit detailed measurements of the sources' physical parameters and could complement, in a multi-messenger approach, the observation of signals emitted by cosmological sources obtained through other kinds of telescopes. This paper describes the progress of the ET project which is currently in its design study phase.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-27-19-194002, author = {M Punturo and others}, title = {The Einstein Telescope: a third-generation gravitational wave observatory}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2010}, volume = {27}, number = {19}, pages = {194002}, doi = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/27/i=19/a=194002} }
Punturo, M. & others	The third generation of gravitational wave observatories and their science reach [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2010	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 27(8), pp. 084007	article	URL
Abstract: Large gravitational wave interferometric detectors, like Virgo and LIGO, demonstrated the capability to reach their design sensitivity, but to transform these machines into an effective observational instrument for gravitational wave astronomy a large improvement in sensitivity is required. Advanced detectors in the near future and third-generation observatories in more than one decade will open the possibility to perform gravitational wave astronomical observations from the Earth. An overview of the possible science reaches and the technological progress needed to realize a third-generation observatory are discussed in this paper. The status of the project Einstein Telescope (ET), a design study of a third-generation gravitational wave observatory, will be reported.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-27-8-084007, author = {M Punturo and others}, title = {The third generation of gravitational wave observatories and their science reach}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2010}, volume = {27}, number = {8}, pages = {084007}, note = {(The Einstein Telescope Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/27/i=8/a=084007} }
van Putten, M.H.P.M., Levinson, A., Lee, H.K., Regimbau, T., Punturo, M. & Harry, G.M.	Gravitational radiation from gamma-ray burst-supernovae as observational opportunities for LIGO and VIRGO [BibTeX]	2004	Phys. Rev. D Vol. 69(4), pp. 044007	article	DOI
BibTeX: @article{PhysRevD.69.044007, author = {van Putten, Maurice H. P. M. and Levinson, Amir and Lee, Hyun Kyu and Regimbau, Tania and Punturo, Michele and Harry, Gregory M.}, title = {Gravitational radiation from gamma-ray burst-supernovae as observational opportunities for LIGO and VIRGO}, journal = {Phys. Rev. D}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, year = {2004}, volume = {69}, number = {4}, pages = {044007}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.69.044007} }
Raggi, F. & others	Elettrocardiografia ad alta risoluzione per la registrazione del fascio di HIS alla superficie corporea: Un nuovo approccio [BibTeX]	1999	Annali della Facoltá di Medicina dell'Universitá di Perugia Vol. 90, pp. 57-65	article
BibTeX: @article{Raggi1999, author = {F. Raggi and others}, title = {Elettrocardiografia ad alta risoluzione per la registrazione del fascio di HIS alla superficie corporea: Un nuovo approccio}, journal = {Annali della Facoltá di Medicina dell'Universitá di Perugia}, year = {1999}, volume = {90}, pages = {57-65} }
Tournefier, E. & the VIRGO Collaboration	The status of virgo [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2008	Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol. 110(6), pp. 062025	article	URL
Abstract: After almost 4 years of commissioning Virgo has started its first long science run. The recent commissioning and data analysis activities are summarized here.
BibTeX: @article{1742-6596-110-6-062025, author = {E Tournefier and the VIRGO Collaboration}, title = {The status of virgo}, journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, year = {2008}, volume = {110}, number = {6}, pages = {062025}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/110/i=6/a=062025} }
Vitali, D., Punturo, M., Mancini, S., Amico, P. & Tombesi, P.	Noise reduction in gravitational wave interferometers using feedback [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Journal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics Vol. 6(8), pp. S691	article	URL
Abstract: We show that the quantum locking scheme recently proposed by Courty et al (2003 Phys. Rev. Lett.Â 90 083601) for the reduction of back-action noise is able to significantly improve the sensitivity of the next generation of gravitational wave interferometers.
BibTeX: @article{1464-4266-6-8-010, author = {David Vitali and Michele Punturo and Stefano Mancini and Paolo Amico and Paolo Tombesi}, title = {Noise reduction in gravitational wave interferometers using feedback}, journal = {Journal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics}, year = {2004}, volume = {6}, number = {8}, pages = {S691}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1464-4266/6/i=8/a=010} }
Vocca, H., Grimani, C., Amico, P., Bosi, L., Marchesoni, F., Punturo, M., Travasso, F., Barone, M., Stanga, R., Vetrano, F. & Viceré, A.	Simulation of the charging process of the LISA test masses due to solar flares [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 21(5), pp. S665	article	URL
Abstract: Cosmic-ray and solar high energy particles penetrate the LISA experiment test masses. Consequently, an electric charge accumulates in the bodies of the masses, generating spurious Coulomb forces between the masses and the surrounding electrodes. This process increases the noise level of the experiment. We have estimated the amount of charge deposited per second on the LISA test masses by solar flares and primary cosmic-ray protons at solar minimum. The simulation has been carried out with the Fluka Monte Carlo program. A simplified geometry for the experiment has been considered. We have found a net charging rate of 37 Â± 1 e + /s for primary protons at solar minimum between 0.1 and 1000 GeV/n. The amount of charge released by a medium-strong solar flare, like that of 16 February 1984, is 10 732 Â± 30 e + /s in the energy range 0.1â€“10 GeV/n. This value increases or decreases by approximately one order of magnitude for strong (weak) solar flares.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-21-5-041, author = {H Vocca and C Grimani and P Amico and L Bosi and F Marchesoni and M Punturo and F Travasso and M Barone and R Stanga and F Vetrano and A Viceré}, title = {Simulation of the charging process of the LISA test masses due to solar flares}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, pages = {S665}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/21/i=5/a=041} }
Yvert, M. & others	A first test of a sine-Hough method for the detection of pulsars in binary systems using the E4 Virgo engineering run data [Abstract] [BibTeX]	2004	Classical and Quantum Gravity Vol. 21(5), pp. S717	article	URL
Abstract: Most of the known pulsars with frequencies lying in the best sensitivity range of the Virgo/LIGO/TAMA interferometers belong to binary systems. Accordingly their frequencies are Doppler shifted in an unknown way. We investigate a new method to search for and extract the parameters of such pulsars. A first preliminary test of this method, performed on the Virgo data recorded during the E4 engineering run, is presented.
BibTeX: @article{0264-9381-21-5-049, author = {Michel Yvert and others}, title = {A first test of a sine-Hough method for the detection of pulsars in binary systems using the E4 Virgo engineering run data}, journal = {Classical and Quantum Gravity}, year = {2004}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, pages = {S717}, note = {(Virgo Collaboration)}, url = {http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/21/i=5/a=049} }

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